The Inglorious End

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting December 7 to study Judges 16. This is the famous ending of the Samson Saga, a tale of foolishness and faith.

Read through this chapter slowly. This is real familiar stuff, more so than the previous chapters, and it's real easy to gloss over things we should think about critically. Use different translations, read it out loud, put yourself in the mud-brick house with he and Delilah, think about what isn't explicit in the narrative, and think through whether it's missing or didn't actually happen.

Once you your own notes and questions, read through a commentary or two. Use resources on Blue Letter Bible. Revise your notes and questions accordingly. Then go back through with the questions below:

•Samson goes to Gaza. Look at a map of Canaan. How far is Timnah from Gaza? Why do you think he goes all the way down there?

•It literally says, “And he saw a woman prostitute and went into to her.” Why might this not be why he went to Gaza?

•There seems to be some missing element between the end of verse 1 and the beginning of verse 2. We're missing who told the Gazitites. We have the “to” part, but not the “from” part, as it were. Who do you think told the “towns folk”?

•There seems to be some missing element between the end of verse 1 and the beginning of verse 2. We're missing who told the Gazitites. We have the “to” part, but not the “from” part, as it were. Who do you think told the “towns folk”?

•This has to be the worst ambush in human history. The people lay in ambush all night at the gate. Their plan is to kill him as he leaves in the morning, he's trapped in the city behind a closed city gate. It seems like a sound plan, but isn't anyone watching the gate? Why do you think the people of Gaza want to wait until morning anyway? Why not ambush while he's “busy”?

•Samson gets up at midnight, goes to the closed gate, and here, the narrative becomes incredibly specific. He grabs the gate “wings”, doorposts, and the bars keeping them “locked”. He puts all of that on his shoulders, and walks up the tallest hill around (you can see Hebron from there?). How do you think Samson can do this without the “ambush” people hearing anything? Aren't there gate guards, watchmen, old lady's with mill stones, or anyone else at the gate at night?

•The prince’s of the Philistines bribe Delilah with 100,000 silver, and she does it. She knows they will bind and humiliate Samson, so, why do you think she's so disloyal?

•Thus begins the game between Samson and Delilah. She begs to know the secret of his strength, he lies, she tries it, it fails, lather, rinse, repeat. The first time, there is an ambush in her “inner room”. Since we already know this tactic isn’t a Philistine specialty, what do you think happens when Samson wakes and snaps the cords? Do the Philistines pop out to be killed? What do you think happens?

•We do it again, she pleads, he lies, she tries it, it fails. The second time, there’s another ambush in the house. Now what do you think happens? Do they pop out to their deaths?

•The third time, weaving his hair into a loom (seriously?), there’s no mention of an ambush. What do think happened this time?

•Finally, Delilah plays the “you-don't-love-me” card. If there has been Philistines popping out of her bedroom every time she tries to take away his strength, how much sense does such an appeal actually make? Keep in mind, Samson's not stupid, he's selfish, or, at least self-indulgent.

•Eventually Delilah wears Samson down. Literally, “his soul was shortened to death”. Why do you think the author puts it that way, why mention “to death”? How much do you think Samson knows about what will happen to him if he tells her the truth?

•Samson reveals his whole heart (lit. “...all his heart.”). From what he tells her, how aware of his obligations as a Nazarite do you think he was?

•Delilah knows Samson has told her “all his heart”. How do you think she knows?

•Delilah summons the Philistines again, and this time they bring money...and a barber. When they shave the seven braids, it literally says she profaned him, which means to take something holy and make it common. Why do you think nothing he's done so far has done that?

•His strength turned aside from him. What do you think that means? Why personify his strength? (See the next verse, perhaps?)

•Delilah cries out that the Philistines are upon him (conveniently leaving out they came from her bedroom). Samson springs up, but doesn't notice the unusual draft across his head. He thinks he will shake himself free, but free from what?

•The Philistines seize him, put out his eyes, and make him grind grain in prison. But the hair begins to grow again. Why do you think they didn't consider keeping him bald?

•This next section is in great detail again. This is clearly important to the author. The setting is a national feast for Dagon, the Philistine god.  They refer to him as “elohim”, which is odd for several reasons. They celebrate their victory over Samson, and hold a party in what must have been a huge temple to Dagon. Why do you think they wait until a festival to celebrate Samson's demise?

•During the party they bring blind Samson out to gloat over. He stands between the two pillars supporting the temple. How smart is it to 1) support a huge stone building with only two pillars, and 2) put the strongest man in history between them? What do you think they are thinking to do such a genius thing?

•Samson asks the boy leading him around by the hand to put his Hans on the pillars to rest. Why do you think the boy sees nothing wrong with this? Why do you think none of the others saw a problem with it?

•Samson prays, acknowledging Yahweh, and asking for vengeance for his eyes. What clearly indicates Samson's faith?

•There are 3,000 on the roof of this place. There are probably more on the floor inside. And two pillars supporting the temple. It's huge. Samson pushes the pillars asking to die with them. Why do you think Samson asks for that? Considering there probably weren't survivors near him, how did the author know he even said that? So, why is it in there?

•The author points out that Samson kills more in death than he did in life. Why do you think that's important? What point does that make for the author as a summary of Samson's life?

•Samson's family shows up to bury him. Why do you think this important? What does this say about Samson's end?

That should more than occupy us for two hours. Remember to think through how this account reveals how God might be wanting to work through you?

Spectacular Anger Issues

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting November 2 to study Judges 15.  This is the continuing saga of Samson, the juvenile judge of Israel.  This chapter has some interesting Hebrew idiom, strange yet impressive behavior, and also some whiny contrast to incredible feats.

Read through the chapter in a couple of translations.  If one is the King James (readily available online), then use one like the NIV or New Living (NLT).  If you use the New American Standard, then compare that to the NIV or NLT.  The ESV is a good blend of both, as is the Holman Christian Standard.  The Blue Letter Bible app has the HCSB and the .NET Bible (NET, New English Translation?) for free download.  The NET Bible is another good blended type of translation.  Compare those to the King James or New King James.

Once you've read through it and made notes, and jotted down questions, go back through with a commentary or two.  One option you can try (but you'll get mixed results) is to Google Judges 15.  There will be plenty of stuff that comes up, and some may be useful.  Filter what you read using what you've already come up with, rejecting stuff you don't think makes sense.

After that, go back through with the questions below:

• From what is said in verse 1, why do you think Samson seeks out his wife now?  Why do you think he takes a young goat as he goes?
• Her father explains what he did, and offers her younger sister.  Samson refuses, and claims he's now free from blame for what he does to them.  What does that tell you about how he thinks of what he did before?
• Samson catches 100 foxes.  Seriously?  The Holy Spirit didn't move him to do that, he just does it?  What does that tell you about him?  What do you think of someone able to catch 100 foxes?
• Samson ties two to each torch, lights the torches and lets them loose in the grain fields.  What does this sound like to you?  Who would do that?
• The grain in stacks, plus the standing grain, plus vineyards and olives are burned.  It's the harvest time (see v.1), so what did Samson just do?
• They ask who did that, everyone knows who, but they also know why.  What does that tell you about this area, and these people?
• The Philistines punish Samson's ex and her family, but Samson says something really weird when they do.  So, he's there, and tries to stop them, but isn't able?  What do you think happened, how do you imagine the scene?
• Read verse 7 in a few translations, like KJV, NIV, and NLT.  There isn't much difference in meaning overall, but in nuance, there is an emphasis on the fact he says he'll quit after he done which is missing in more modern translations.  Why do you think that would be emphasised by Samson?  What does it tell you about Him?
• There is an odd Hebrew idiom in verse 8.  It says, "He struck them 'leg on thigh'."  Even in the Greek version it reads that way.  Read the verse here on the Blue Letter Bible in the Christian Standard Version.  At the top, switch versions a couple of times to see how other versions translate it.  What do you think it means "hip on thigh" or "leg on thigh"?  Try and visualize the fight.  What does it mean?
• The Philistines now camp against Judah in Lehi.  Why do you think Timnah isn't being visited?  The people seem to know what's going on in that region, why go to Lehi in Judah suddenly?
• The Philistines are looking for Samson.  They know who did what in Timnah, but can't find him.  The men of Judah go get Samson themselves, rather than just tell the Philistines where he is.  Why do you think they go themselves (3,000 strong, but still, themselves)?
• He agrees to go with them, and the Philistines are "very happy to see him."  Look at verse 14 in a few translations.  So, did Samson break the ropes binding him, or did they simply fall off as if burnt?  What do you think, how do you imagine it happening?
• So, using the jawbone of a dead donkey as a weapon, Samson kills 1,000 men.  Think about that, if you need it, Google a donkey jawbone image, how would someone use that as a weapon?
• After the "Great Donkey Jawbone Battle of 1327 BC", Samson spontaneously composes a poem (or song?).  What do you think of him doing that right then?  Imagine the scene.  What's this guy like?
• Immediately after the notes of his soliloquy end, Samson throws the jawbone from his hand, and names the place.  Look up the name in the NLT.  So, what was it before?  It sounds like an old western, "the Town of Jawbone".  We just didn't know it was a "donkey" jawbone.  Why do you think it had that name before all of this?
• He names the place, and then realizes he's "dying of thirst".  Really?  He can't wait to "go into town" or the local well or anything, he's going to die right there?  Think about how he puts that.  What do you think might be going on around him that makes getting away and getting a drink a bit difficult?
• God opened (or split) "a hollow place".  It literally means the "bowl of a mortar", as in a "mortar and pestle".  So, God makes a nice little pool for Samson right there. Samson names that too, and it's there even when the writer pens these words.  So, how seriously did God take Samson's complaint?  What does that tell you about the circumstances? Why do you think God would listen to Samson?
• Samson judges Israel 20 years.  What do you think this means for Samson and the people of Israel?

That should keep us busy for a few minutes Thursday.  Be sure to think through what this means for you and your relationship with God.  What is God like, and what sort of person is He calling you to be?

What Changed?

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Group Meeting January 8 to study 2 Samuel 4 (possibly 5).  Chapter 4 is another link in the story of David's kingdom being established.  In this chapter events are aligned which remove the remaining obstacles between David and the rest of Israel's tribes; at least the obvious ones.  The passage of time between the accounts is never reconciled, and doesn't seem to be important to the writer/editor.

Read through chapter 4 and 5 together.  We may start 5, but they belong together even if we do them separately.  Really chapters 1 through 5 belong together, and are referred to as the 'succession narrative'.  There's another 'succession narrative' with Solomon, but after that, they're either short or non-existent.  A 'succession narrative' shows the various hurdles overcome to establish a king on a throne.  This had to happen every time a king came to power, even in Judah, but we only have the details of David and Solomon.

Remember to take notes, jot down questions, and see what you can find to reconcile problems you find.  There are plenty of places where the text seems to show what happens, but doesn't explain inconsistencies.  They drive us crazy, but didn't seem to bother the initial audience, or detract from the point of the author/editor.

After reading through a few times on your own, and with your own questions/notes taken, read through again with the questions below:

Chapter 4

• Why do you think, if Ish-Bosheth was afraid of Abner, he 'looses courage' when Abner dies?  Why do you think he wasn't 'comforted'?
• All Israel is 'disturbed' when Abner dies.  What do you imagine might have been their greatest concerns or fears?
• Regardless of where "Beeroth" fell in the tribal regions of Israel, the point of the author/editor is that they are Benjamites.  Why do you think that would be important here?
• Why do you think Mephibosheth is mentioned here?  Different commentators have different ideas about it, but what do you think?
• In almost every translation, the deed of killing Ish-Bosheth is repeated.  If you have a New Living Translation, look at their wording for it.  The reason for the difference is that the NLT used the Greek text instead of the Hebrew at this point.  Keep in mind that the available Greek text is older than the Hebrew.  Which do you think is easier to explain as an 'editorial change', a duplication or a consistent story?
• The two brothers go to David as quickly as possible.  Yet David seems to know the details of Ish-Bosheth's death already.  So how do you think that happened?  What are some explanations you came up with or found in commentaries? (there aren't wrong answers here)
• David refers to the death of the Amalekite who announces Saul's death to him in Ziklag.  Do you think, considering how people in this story seem to know so much, these guys hadn't heard that particular one?
• Again David has someone kill the 'bearers of "good news"' in a way.  Why do you think he didn't do this with Joab when he killed Abner?  For some context here, read 1 Kings 2:5 and 6.  What do you think it is about Joab that 'protects' him from David?

Chapter 5

•  The elders of the all the tribes come to David, finally.  Considering what they say to him, why do you think it has taken them so long to come to David?  Who's death do you think really cinched it for them, Abner or Ish-Bosheth?
• They site the prophecy that David will shepherd Israel.  Where do you think they heard that?  Was Abner the first or was it widely distributed around prior?  There is a historical saying that the 'victors get to write the history'.  How much of that do you think might be happening here?
• After the elders make their statement, they make a covenant with David, and anoint him king over all Israel.  What do you think made up the covenant?  Was it a 'Bill of Rights' sort of thing or do you think it was what they were willing to do?  There's no record of it, so it's all guess.
• The timing issue comes up again.  Seven years and six months over Judah in Hebron, does that mean only Judah?  The impression this gives is that as soon as he was anointed king, he takes Jerusalem.  So, how does Ish-Bosheth only reign 2 years over all Israel while David reigns seven over all Judah?
• It says 'The king and his men' came to Jerusalem.  Some think this just means the 600 who followed David before he became king.  Some think it just refers to the army in general.  Why do you think it would be important for David to take Jerusalem without the help of the other tribes?
• The Jebusites are Caananite hold-outs against Israel, but also against the Philistines.  They are very confident in their city defenses.  What does David seem to know that other attackers don't?
• Verses 1 through 5 seem to establish that David is anointed (accepted by the other tribes, finally). Six through ten are the establishment of Jerusalem as his capital.  Eleven through sixteen are the establishment of his 'dwelling' and life there.  Why do you think this progression is so important to his ascension to the throne of Israel?  Why all the detail about his wives, concubines, and sons for instance?  The writer did this for Hebron too, so what do you think is the point?
• Seventeen through the rest of the chapter, is the defeat of the Philistines.  What do you think might be significant about the 'place' where they fight (The Valley of Raphaim)?  
• What, if anything, might be significant about 'all the Philistines' going up to fight David?
• In the first defeat of the Philistines, David takes spoils of idols.  Why do you think that might be significant?
• In the second defeat of the Philistines, they pursue them to their cities.  Why do you think the difference might be important?
• In both instances David inquires of God.  Each time he gets a different answer.  So how do you imagine this happening?  What does David do to inquire?
• The response the second time has some interesting detail.  What does this detail mean for the method David used to inquire?  How does this detail influence how you imagine David inquiring of God?
• David has success, lots of it.  Yet his victories still are due to his inquiry of God.  What does that say about our lives?  Do you see the value of knowing how David inquired of God?  How can we also inquire of God?

We'll focus on chapter 4 and see if we make it into 5.  See you all Thursday!

Of Witches and Kings

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting March 13 to study 1 Samuel 28 and 29.  We didn't start chapter 28 last week due to a late start and good discussion of chapter 27.  So I have the study questions for chapter 28 from the last study page repeated below.

These two chapters add to the heightened suspense of the coming battle.  God is demonstrating some very problematic behavior in 28, and in 29 we are robbed of seeing what might have happened with David in the Philistine camp.  It's a very strange set of chapters.  What we should be looking for is the work of God and His purpose revealed.  That's not hard to find, the difficulty is the reason why He chooses to work in the particular ways he does.  So, we'll both look for what He's doing, and explore options about why He uses the methods He does, and what that means for us.

Read both chapters several times.  Hopefully you already have read at least 28 a few times.  You are probably going to need to read it a few times just to get a sense of all the details involved.  Then perhaps a few more to really analyze what's happening and what that means.  You can read some commentaries, but just keep in mind that modern commentaries really do not like this chapter, and will usually take one of only two options.  I plan on exploring the more dangerous and creepy options they don't. 

Chapter 29 will be a bit easier, but try to imagine the setting, the people, the dialogue actually happening, and think about what you see.  Still read through the chapter a few times, but this one is shorter and a lot easier to deal with.

After you've read these chapters a few times, then go back through with these questions:

Chapter 28

•  Achish tells David that he will accompany the king into war.  Read verse 2 in as many translations as you have.  What do you think David means by his response to Achish? 
• No one knows, the Scripture never tells us, but what do you think David planned to do in battle?
• What 'position' does Achish give to David?  Why do you think Achish would do that?  What do you think he thinks of David?
• This chapter repeats the statement about Samuel we already say in chapter 25.  Why do you think this is an important enough element to repeat?
• The other element with which Samuel's death is combined is the comment that Saul had 'removed' those communing with the dead from the land.  What do these two have in common?
• What sorts of things does Saul use to try to 'hear' from God?  Why do you think God doesn't answer?
• Saul resorts to asking his servants about one of these 'ones communing with the dead'.  How long does it take to fine one?  What do you think that means for the 'effectiveness' of Saul's 'purge' of such people?
• Saul specifically asks for, and the woman in En-Dor is specifically referred to as a "Baal-Spiritist", and since baal can mean 'lord' or 'master', what do you think this means for who she is among 'spiritists'?  What do you think may be some other options?
•  If God will not answer, how wrong is Saul in seeking this option?
• Saul disguises himself and goes to the super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic.  What is the first thing she says when they approach her for this 'gig'?
• What seems really odd about Saul's response to her hesitation?
• There is a bunch of conjecture about what made the woman scream, Samuel or the fact that Saul was the one asking her to do this.  What do you think it means if she screamed when Samuel appeared?
• Since God forbids this sort of practice, what do you think it means that Samuel appears?  Why, if it 'works' does God not what this sort of thing practiced?
• Read verse 13 in several translations (included the King James if you can find one).  What does she see?  Consider that in verse 14, the reference is 'singular', "What is his shape?" while 'gods' is a plural reference.  Why do you think that might be a problem?
• What is so remarkable about what the woman describes that confirms to Saul it's Samuel?
• Why do you think Saul bows himself down when he realizes it's Samuel?
• Samuel speaks.  Imagine this scene.  What is happening?  Where is the super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic while this is going on?
• What do you think of Saul's answer to Samuel about why he asked him to be brought up?
• Samuel does not seem helpful, at least not at first.  What do you think of his response initially?  How might that help us understand why God never answered in the other ways Saul tried first?
• Where will Saul and his sons be tomorrow?  So, is Samuel in 'heaven' or 'hell'?
• Read 1 Samuel 11:1-7 and compare it to 28:20.  What do you think it feels like to be Saul right now?
• The super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic makes a great hostess, serves veal, and makes bread.  What do you think she's doing, and why?

Chapter 29

• In verse 2, the technical title of the Philistine lords is 'Seren'; like 'Pharaoh' for the leader of Egypt.  The Philistine language is gone, without example for us.  So, if you look at the times this term is used, this is one of only two times it's used where Saul is involved.  So, what does this mean for this particular battle?
• In verse three, the Philistine princes refer to David and his band as "Hebrews".  Look back at 1 Samuel 13:21.  Why might this reference be important here to explain their concern? 
• What is Achish's assessment of David?  Remember back to chapter 27, so how accurate is his assessment?
• The princes of the Philistines tell Achish to send David back home.  What is their reasoning?  What are they afraid David will do?  What have they heard of David?  This is one popular song.
• Achish goes to David, to tell him to return.  Consider how he starts his 'speech'.  Why do you think he arranges his speech that way?
• What is David's first response?  What does that mean for Achish's manner of starting?  What do you think is going on in this dialogue?  Is it formalized negotiation, covenant dialogue, cultural, or just emotional heated dialogue?
• What do you think it means that Achish refers to the God of Israel in verse 6?
• Read verse 9 in as many translations as you can.  The word used is "Elohim" which can be translated God, gods, supernatural being, or something of the like.  How do you think Achish meant it, considering he's pagan, but also used God's name in verse 6?
• How much of a 'fight' do you think David puts up here?  So do you think David is 'relieved', 'concerned', 'disappointed', or something else?

That should take us through an hour or so.  We may not get to chapter 29, and that's okay.  We'll finish this out in as much time as it takes us.  It's worth taking slow.

Everyone Makes Mistakes, Or Do They?

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting March 6 to study 1 Samuel 27 and 28 (maybe both, maybe just 27).  These chapters raise huge questions for loyal followers of Jesus.  There are lots of 'conjectures', 'theories', and 'suggestions'; all of which are opinions, but none of which are really satisfactory or comfortable.  The reality is that these two chapters make us uncomfortable as believers.  So, like all the previous times, we will dive into and swim fearlessly in the deep murky water of Scripture to find the jewels of our Master hidden within.

So, as always, read these chapters several times.  It may be helpful to read ahead, perhaps to the end of the book.  The challenge for us with these two chapters is to perceive what God is doing with these events, and see if we can determine what He is doing, and what He is 'permitting' to be done.  I think that this is an example of our Master 'working all things together for good for those who are called according to His purpose.'  But what is that purpose, and how is He working? 

Jot down your thoughts and questions as you read through.  It may be tough, but try not to camp out on one idea or theory.  Keep in mind we all have opinions on these things, but trying to look back 3,000 years is never easy, and rarely sure.  What we do know is that we have to read is what God wants us to have.  Beyond that, His Spirit uses these words to work on our hearts for His purpose.  That's what we know; all else is opinion.

After reading through the chapters a few times, read through again with these questions in mind:

Chapter 27:

• After reading David's statement in the previous chapter (1 Sam. 26:19) it seems this is not a new idea for David.  Why do you think David seems to even consider this idea?
• Review 1 Sam. 21:10-15.  Why do you think David would consider returning to Achish?
• David's plan seems to work. Saul stops pursuing him.  How do you think the people of Israel think of David at this point?
• David wants space from Achish, and the king gives him Ziklag.  Why do you think David would want it, and why do you think Achish would give it to him?
• Look at a map of the region (one that goes south to the border of Egypt, the one below is too small), and consider where the peoples are that David raids. Why do you think David raids these people?
• If David leaves no witnesses, who do you think he sounds like?
• What is David doing here, raiding, leaving no witnesses, and lying to Achish; what is he playing at?
• Read verse 9 in a few translations.  What is David doing with what he takes?
• What do you think about that 'clothing' can also be translated 'treachery'?
• David says he's raiding the south of Judah.  Why do you think Achish would believe David would behave like that?

Chapter 28:

•  Achish tells David that he will accompany the king into war.  Read verse 2 in as many translations as you have.  What do you think David means by his response to Achish? 
• No one knows, the Scripture never tells us, but what do you think David planned to do in battle?
• What 'position' does Achish give to David?  Why do you think Achish would do that?  What do you think he thinks of David?
• This chapter repeats the statement about Samuel we already say in chapter 25.  Why do you think this is an important enough element to repeat?
• The other element with which Samuel's death is combined is the comment that Saul had 'removed' those communing with the dead from the land.  What do these two have in common?
• What sorts of things does Saul use to try to 'hear' from God?  Why do you think God doesn't answer?
• Saul resorts to asking his servants about one of these 'ones communing with the dead'.  How long does it take to fine one?  What do you think that means for the 'effectiveness' of Saul's 'purge' of such people?
• Saul specifically asks for, and the woman in En-Dor is specifically referred to as a "Baal-Spiritist", and since baal can mean 'lord' or 'master', what do you think this means for who she is among 'spiritists'?  What do you think may be some other options?
•  If God will not answer, how wrong is Saul in seeking this option?
• Saul disguises himself and goes to the super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic.  What is the first thing she says when they approach her for this 'gig'?
• What seems really odd about Saul's response to her hesitation?
• There is a bunch of conjecture about what made the woman scream, Samuel or the fact that Saul was the one asking her to do this.  What do you think it means if she screamed when Samuel appeared?
• Since God forbids this sort of practice, what do you think it means that Samuel appears?  Why, if it 'works' does God not what this sort of thing practiced?
• Read verse 13 in several translations (included the King James if you can find one).  What does she see?  Consider that in verse 14, the reference is 'singular', "What is his shape?" while 'gods' is a plural reference.  Why do you think that might be a problem?
• What is so remarkable about what the woman describes that confirms to Saul it's Samuel?
• Why do you think Saul bows himself down when he realizes it's Samuel?
• Samuel speaks.  Imagine this scene.  What is happening?  Where is the super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic while this is going on?
• What do you think of Saul's answer to Samuel about why he asked him to be brought up?
• Samuel does not seem helpful, at least not at first.  What do you think of his response initially?  How might that help us understand why God never answered in the other ways Saul tried first?
• Where will Saul and his sons be tomorrow?  So, is Samuel in 'heaven' or 'hell'?
• Read 1 Samuel 11:1-7 and compare it to 28:20.  What do you think it feels like to be Saul right now?
• The super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic makes a great hostess, serves veal, and makes bread.  What do you think she's doing, and why?

That should keep well entertained for at least one evening.  Remember to bring your questions and observations to group this Thursday!

The Danger of Obedience

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting February 6 to study 1 Samuel 23.  This is a fun chapter, has weirdness in it, close calls, and the tension of leadership.  It also is an excellent challenge about hearing God's voice over the voice of people around us.

Read through the chapter several times.  Look for things that sound odd or unexpected.  Write down your questions and observations.  You guys have been asking really good questions.  Keep them coming.  As we saw, sometimes these are answered in Scripture (as if even the people of that day were asking the same questions you are), and some aren't and we're left to wonder.  It's okay, wonder is good.  We can use it to our advantage as we explore Scripture.

After you've read through this chapter (perhaps re-read the one behind and then the one ahead), and you have some questions and observations of your own; go back through once more with these questions.

• David has made his family safe, he's back in the forests of Judah, and has 600 men around him.  Someone tells him that the Philistines are in Keilah.  See if you can find that on a map.  Why do you think the people would tell David rather than Saul?
• Why do you think David would hear about Keilah and then inquire of God to know what he should do?  Why isn't it obvious?  And what do you think the 'obvious' thing would be?
• David's men are afraid if Judah, but of what?  Why do you think they would be more afraid of the Philistines?
• David goes back to verify the word of God he heard the first time, and it's confirmed.  And they go, and are successful.  How do you think the men around David feel now?  Do you think they are still afraid, and if so, of what?  If not, why not?
• What do you find peculiar about Abiathar coming to David at Keilah?  Look back at 1 Samuel 22:20-23; wasn't Abiathar already with David?  What could the writer/editor be telling us with Abiathar's arrival?
• What do you think is the significance of David being in Keilah that makes Saul happy?
• This time David seeks God, the ephod is mentioned.  Why do you think that detail here combined with verse 6 is important?  What do you think that says about David's inquiries in the first 4 verses?
• The word used for 'men' of Keilah can be found in the Strong's Concordance under H1167.  After you look that up, look at H1168.  Now what do you think about the word used?
• Why do you think the people of Keilah would give their 'deliverer' into the hand of the king who did not come to save them, and only moved when he heard David was there, not Philistines?
• Why would God send David to save such people?  Why would God send David to where He knew David would be in danger?
• Look back at 1 Samuel 22:2, where do you think David came up with the other 200 men?  
• David leaves Keilah, and Saul hears about it.  So, between verse 13 and 14, did Saul go out after David or not?
• Saul can't find David, but his son Jonathan seems to have no problem.  Why do you think that might be?
• Consider what Jonathan says to David.  What is Jonathan going to do that his father will not?
• How many covenants between David and Jonathan does this make?
• The people of Ziph go to Saul about David.  Here again, why might they do that?  Does 1 Samuel 22:2 suggest a reason for you?
• Saul is very happy with the people of Ziph, they have had the 'pity' on him that his servants didn't.  What does it mean for you that Saul invokes the name of God in blessing these people.  How valid a blessing is this, even with God's name used?
• So Saul essentially uses the people of Ziph as 'scouts' for his forces to find David.  How effective are they?
• This isn't an easy passage to translate, but the gist of it is easily found in most any translation.  How close do you think Saul is getting to David?
• Now Saul hears of Philistines, now he pursues them.  Why do you think this is different from before when the Philistines attacked Keilah?
• Look up 'En-Gedi' in a Bible Dictionary, map, online or other resource.  What sort of place has David gone?

That should do it for this week.  Be sure to bring your questions and notes with you Thursday.  See you then!

Enemy Son-In-Law of the King

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Study Group meeting October 3 to study 1 Samuel 18.  We covered the documentary issues with the last chapter.  This chapter has similar issues, but far fewer.  This is simply a study of the odd character of King Saul.  I almost titled the study page, "Paranoid Much?" but thought we could best examine him without the easy improperly applied labels.

Read through the chapter a few times to get a feel for the people and events.  Read ahead a chapter or so to get a better sense of how this chapter helps the development along.  Jot down questions and observations.  You should have quite a few with this chapter.  Some of Saul's behavior is almost inexplicable.  Feel free to theorize about some things, but also focus on the things we do know.  We may not know why he does some of these things, but what does he actually do?  Break it down.

After reading through a few times, read through again with the questions below:

• Why might Jonathan not be mentioned in previous accounts of David and Saul?
• What traits of both David and Jonathan might make them prone to be knit together at the heart?
• What might it mean that Jonathan gives David his robe, armor, and kit?
• Verse 5 contains elements repeated several times throughout the chapter.  Why do you think this is this important?
• The song of verse 7 troubles Saul.  Look up "thousands" and "ten thousands" in a Strong's or online (at the links for each).  What could be some alternatives for Saul's interpretation?
• Why do you think Saul would treat David as he does in verses 12-15?  If he doesn't trust him why set him over the army?
• Why would marrying Saul's daughter endanger David with the Philistines?  What do you think is the connection Saul sees?
• Eventually David's reason for hesitating to be Saul's son-in-law becomes clear (he's too poor for the dowry - v.23), but what might be some other reasons in David's mind/heart?
• Why do you think Saul's request of a dowry of foreskins is more agreeable to David?  Why do you think he doubles the number?
• From verse 30, who esteems David highly? 

There are a lot of other issues and covering the repetition will also take our time, so the short list of questions may not be a good indicator of how long this chapter may take us.

Please remember to bring any notes you make to the study.

Blessings upon you all!

Who Are You Again?

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Small Group meeting September 26 to study 1 Samuel 17.  This is a deceptively simple chapter.  When combined with chapter 16 it seems to repeat the beginnings of David and Saul meeting.

This week I have attached a document to the email to help you get a sense of documentation issues with the chapter.  The .PDF file is the text of 1 Samuel 17 translated from the Greek version of the Hebrew Scriptures (Septuagint or LXX).  This Greek text may preserve an older reading from the Hebrew Scriptures that the Hebrew text normally used.  It's not certain, it's possible.  Read this together with what have in our modern translations, and take careful note of the differences.

Read this chapter in as many translations as you have available.  The differences may surprise you.  Look up strange word usage in a concordance (like Strong's).  Be sure to take notes on what you find as you read through, jot down questions and the answers you come up with.

After reading through several times, go back through again using the questions below:

• Why do you think all the detail about who was on which hill across which valley might be important?
• If a cubit is about 18 inches and a span is about 6, how many fingers does he have on his left hand? (2 Samuel 21:20 - you thought I was kidding didn't you?)
• If a "shekel" is about .5 oz, then about how heavy was Goliath's armor in lbs.?
• How heavy would the head of his spear be?
• Why do you think the ranks of Israel fled from one Philistine?
• Why would we be 're-introduced' to David in verse 12?
• If David goes back and forth from Saul to the flock, how known would he be by Saul?
• Why would the giant come out every day, all day, for forty days?  What's he and the Philistines doing?
•  Why do you think would Jesse send supplies to the commander of his sons, not just his sons?
• If David leaves early, and arrives as the giant is coming out, how long was his trip?  
• Think about the 'scuttlebutt' in the ranks as the giant comes out.  Saul has raised the stakes for a champion, everyone's talking about it, so why doesn't someone try for it?  What's the assumption in the ranks?
• Why might David want to hear the same spiel over and over?
• Why, if David was anointed right in front of him, would his brother be all upset by David now?
• How put off by his older brother is David?
• David volunteers to fight the giant.  What experience has he had with giants?
• What do you think of David's lion and bear fighting technique?
• What would David have been using against the lion and bear?
• If he's not wearing armor, what advantage would he have over the giant?
• David picks up 5 stones not 1.  In light of 2 Samuel 21, why might that have been a good idea?  What's he ready for?
• Back to taunting again.  Why is David's taunt so much better than the giants?
• Look at verse 49 in the attachment.  How does that help explain what the stone did to the giant?
• How did Goliath die?
• Where do you think the shield guy was?
• What does David do with the giant's stuff, like his head and his weapons?
• Why would Saul not know David?  Why wouldn't Abner?
• When David appears before Saul, where is the giant head now?

That should be plenty to fuel a discussion.  I look forward to seeing everyone Thursday!  Blessings upon you until then!

Rashness: Both Good and Bad

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting August 29 to study 1 Samuel 14.  There are peculiar twists and confusing descriptions in this chapter.  And it gives us probably the most positive view of Saul, and it's not all that good.

Read through the chapter several times to get a sense of the flow of events.  There is a part at the beginning that is sort of an annotation/interruption in the narrative, but it's not hard to pick up the flow of events immediately following.  It was supposed to give more detail on the setting, but so far from the events, it's almost obscuring rather than clarifying.  We have to trust that it meant something at the time of writing/compiling.

Jot down notes, questions, and insights into God's character, Saul's character, Jonathan's character and the people.  Note relationships and imagine what it would have been like to be there and hear what was said, see what was done, and see who was doing it.  After reading it through enough to get a good feel for it, and jotting down your insights, read it through again with these questions:

• As with the prior chapter, Jonathan starts the conflict.  In verse 1, it doesn't sound bad, but through verse 5, the situation is shown to be really lopsided.  What sort of character do you think it takes in a person to face such circumstances with just your "buddy"?
• Jonathan has a reason for his faith, that Yahweh isn't hindered by lack of numbers, he has history to demonstrate this (Gideon for example).  What is your faith based in, what sort of personal history?  And does that history support such acts of faith as Jonathan's?
• Jonathan chooses a sign to know if Yahweh has given the Philistines into his hand, but what does he use as his fall-back if the sign isn't given?  What does it mean for his character?  What do you think would have happened had the Philistines come down to him?
• Considering bravery and cowardice, so far in this account, the numerous Philistines versus the paltry few Israelites, who is courageous and who is cowardly?  Why might that be surprising?  What might support "caution" on the part of the Philistines?
• Read verse 15 in as many translations as possible.  Look up "trembling"/"panic" in the Strong's Concordance.  Then look up "trembled" in the Strong's Concordance.  These words have the same root, and the first (noun) is used at the end of the verse.  What do you imagine happening in the Philistine camp?  What does this have to do with Jonathan?
• What do the "spies/lookouts" for Saul see, what do you think it looked like?
• Saul figures out who is missing, so what does he do immediately?  There is debate about whether the "Ark of God" is referred to or whether it is the "Ephod" of the priest (long story).  What would make the Ephod make more sense in light of verse 18?
• Regardless of how confusing verse 17 and 18 are (and they are confusing), Saul decides not to inquire of God through the priest.  Why?  Think in terms of character and circumstance and don't be too quick to judge harshly.
• What do Saul and the army find when they reach the battle?  Where is Jonathan?
• Who are these "Hebrews", and where did they come from?  The Greek version uses the term "slaves", how does that influence your understanding?
• Who else joins the battle?  Where did they come from, and how did they know what was happening in Benjamin?
• Why would Saul swear an oath on the people to not eat?  What "military" value would that have had?
• When Jonathan's eyes shine from eating the honey, someone tells him of his father's oath.  How does Jonathan interpret his father's action?  What does that tell you of Jonathan's character?
• So at some point the people fall on the plunder and begin sinning by eating blood.  How do you imagine this scene?  When Saul is told, he says they are being treacherous.  What do you think about what happened and why?  If you had to ascribe fault, how would you do it (not who, but how would you decide)?
• Saul's solution is to roll a big rock to use to slaughter the animals.  It also says he built an altar, his first.  Do you think the large stone and the altar are the same?  What would that mean for what he did?  What does that say about his character?
• Saul wants to continue to pursue the Philistines, but what does it mean that the priest contradicts him?  Why would the priest do that?
• So what does God answer Saul?  What does that mean?  Saul decides what he thinks it means, so lots are cast, but why does Saul say the person offending will die?
• Prior to this the people say, "Do what is good in your eyes." But not here, what do you think they are thinking?
• Jonathan owns what he did, and whatever consequences.  What do we learn about his character here?
• The people stand up for Jonathan against the king.  If (or since) Yahweh brought victory through Jonathan, what can we guess is His opinion of what has gone on?
• The rest of the chapter summarizes Saul's reign and his family.  What do you think of Saul's victories and success?  What does that reveal of God's perspective of Saul?
• Saul's family will be important later, but a son is missing (2 Samuel 2:8), why might that be?
• Considering that "ab" means "father" in Hebrew, what do you think of Abner's name versus his father's name?  Why would someone name the child that way?
• So Saul's reign is characterized by conflict with the Philistines, so what is his usual practice?  Good idea or bad idea?  Or is it a necessity?

That should do for now.  Blessings upon you all until Thursday!

Success Outside the Box

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Study Group meeting June 27 to study 1 Samuel 7.  This is an excellent contrast to the preceding three chapters.  It also flies in the face of assertions made in the "Bible" episode we saw last Sunday.  It is interesting for what it includes, and for what it doesn't.

Read through the chapter several times (even if you have already - you can never read it too much).  Look for details of sequence of the events.  Consider the timing of each element.  Remember that timing was not such a huge deal to Hebrew thought of this period (of writing, not of the events), but dramatic placement of those elements was most important.  Also look at a map for where these things take place.  How close or far from each other are they?  Then jot down your observations, questions, and comments you like from study Bibles or other commentary you find.

After reading through several times, consider the questions below:

• Verses 1 and 2 probably go with Chapter 6, but still, what do you see that might be odd about what is done with the Ark?
• Samuel's call in verse 3 is much like the call of the judges before him.  When you think about the previous battle (go back and read 4 if you need to) what do you think was missing then, because it certainly wasn't fixed by the Ark?  What are ways we try and substitute devotion to Jesus?  How well does that work?
• What connection between verse 2 and verse 4 do you see?
• Mizpah means "the watchtower" in Hebrew.  Why might that be meaningful?  How might that explain the Philistines response?
• Why might a "drink" or water offering show devotion to God? Why would they fast, and what might that mean?
• What might be significant about Samuel judging Israel at Mizpah?
• Why would the Philistines come to fight the Israelites when they gathered?  How fast would they be able to make that happen?
• Now Samuel offers a different offering/sacrifice, how long might that take?
• As the sacrifice is happening, the Philistines attack, so what do you think the people of Israel are doing as their enemies begin to attack?
• Consider what it looks like as the battle begins, then what did the thunder have to sound like to have the effect it did?
• Beth-Car means "House of the Sun" so who might this city belong to or be associated with?
• Why do you think it was important to set up the stone? 
• So why do you think the Philistines were never able to get over Israel during Samuel's judging Israel?
• What do you think it means for Israel that they recovered the cities of the Philistines?

That's plenty to work with at the moment.  Keep going over it because other things will occur to you as you do.  Be sure to right them down and bring them to the group.

See you in a week!

Serious Holiness

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Study group meeting June 13 to study 1 Samuel 5 & 6.  These chapters reveal a lot about how God views His ark.  The themes of holiness and sovereignty are pretty clear, but grace is also visible with careful looking.

Read through these chapters several times.  They go together very well.  And chapter six could either end at verse 18 or 7:1 (I prefer 7:1).  The paragraph breaks in Hebrew make little sense actually, so much of the break and rests seem more visually inspired rather than prompted by the narrative.

But there are peculiarities throughout, some of which I will bring out in my questions, but others you have hopefully already found reading these chapters through this past week.  As you read through, look for where God shows grace to the Philistines, then grace to Israel.  Look also for where He demonstrates His holiness before the Philistines, and then to Israel.  Lastly, look for examples of God demonstrating His sovereignty over Philistines and Israelis.

Finally read through again using the questions below.  Be sure to find and write down your own as well.

• Where did the Philistines put the Ark in Ashdod?  Why there?
• What happened to Dagon overnight?
• What is different the next day?  Why the threshold?  Why the head and hands?
• What else did God do to the people of Ashdod?
• What is their answer to the problem of God's "heavy hand"?
• Where does it go next?
• What is different about what happens in Gath?
• Where does it go from there?
• What happened in Ekron different from the other cities?
• How long had the Ark been with the Philistines?
• Who do they ask for a solution?  Why them?
• Why the "mice"?  What would a plague of mice look like?
• In verse 5, what will they do in addition to giving the gold items?
• What warning and who's example do the priests and diviners include in their suggestion?
• How will they return the Ark?  Why a "new" cart?  What is key about the "milch cows"?
• Once the cart is sent away, what are the people watching for?
• What do the cows do once hitched to the cart with the Ark and box and released?
• What happens when the people of Beth-Shemesh see the Ark coming?
• Who "took down the Ark"?  Where did they come from? (read Joshua 21)
• What did the Philistines do when they saw what happened?
• What did God do to the people of Beth Shemesh?  Why?  What did they do?
• What do the people of Beth Shemesh do in response to the "slaughter"?
• Why send it there? What's different about Kiriath Jearim?  Is it in Joshua 21?
• What is it about God and the Ark that is so difficult for the people of Beth Shemesh?
• What do they request the people of Kiriath Jearim do?  Why is that peculiar?

That should get us started in our study.  There's a lot more than this in there, and I hope you've been digging for it all week.  Bring your questions Thursday!

Failure to Manipulate God

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Study Group meeting June 6 to study 1 Samuel 4.  Fascinating chapter, not only for what does happen, for what is not recorded.  Consider the timing of the previous chapter, and this one.

Read through the chapter several times.  It's a sad story, but full of interesting detail.  Try to imagine the setting as best you can.  Jot down observations and questions.

After reading through a few times, go through using these questions:

• What is strange about the first two sentences?
• Where does Israel camp before the battle?
• How does the battle go for Israel?
• How do they arrive at a solution for the defeat?
• Consider the various names for the Ark.  At first it's inconsistent, then finally a name is used consistently.  What significance might there be that the final name matches the term used by the Philistines?  What difference is there in meaning from the same word used?
• What is the Philistine reaction when the Ark arrives in the Israelite camp?
• What is different about this battle from the previous one?
• What happens to the Ark and the sons of Eli?
• What does the messenger from Benjamin look like?
•  Where was Eli?
• What does the city of Shiloh do at the news?
• Eli asks for news, and what does he do when he hears it?
• What is the final comment about Eli?
• What does Eli's daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas do when she hears the news?
• What does she do in response to her son's birth?
• What does she name him, and why?
• With all the people dying, what is the issue that has killed the last two?

That should work for now.  Please think of and bring questions I didn't ask.  This turned out to be a shorter chapter than I thought.  Read through it, and possibly ahead, ask questions, and make comments and observations.