Bearing Bad News Can Be Hazardous

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting December 4 to begin the study of 2 Samuel.  We will be going over a brief book introduction, and perhaps finishing chapter 1.  This book is essentially about David's reign.  There is a brief connective break between the books of 1 and 2 Samuel, but this may have been only because the two books didn't fit on the same scroll.  Essentially they form 1 book.  The book of Samuel fits into the same narrative style or 'family' as Kings (1 and 2 Kings), which continues the account of the monarchy in Israel and Judah.

The breakdown of content is essentially as follows:

1. The transition from judges to a monarchy (1 Samuel)
2. The reign of David and the suppression of tribal distinctions (2 Samuel)
3. The reign of Solomon and the height of the Hebrew kingdom (1 Kings)
4. The fracture of Israel along tribal/geographical lines (2 Kings)

The overall story is about the eventual fall of the nation as a whole, explaining it as a result of an idolatrous life lived in rebellion against God and His law.  The beginnings leaving the confederacy of judges with God as 'King' is signaled as the first step in the wrong direction.  The total wreck of Saul's reign highlights this.  David and Solomon are seen as both the highpoint of devotion to God, but also the turning point away from God (the end of Solomon's reign).  In the end, the only hope offered is the 'release' of the last true king of Judah, but the people remain in captivity.  This leads scholars to conclude that Samuel and Kings were completed during the captivity, possibly/probably in captivity.

Read through the first chapter several times.  Then go back and read the last two or three chapters of 1 Samuel (29-31).  Read ahead in 2 Samuel to get a sense of what is being 'setup' here.  Read the first chapter again a few times.  Ask questions, make observations, prayerfully seek those things that illuminate God's character, His relationship with His human creatures, and His desires for them.

After you have read through a few times, read back through with the questions below:

• Verse 1 sets the timing.  About how many days have transpired after the death of Saul? (you will need to have read the final chapters of 1 Samuel for this one)
• What do you think it means that the man's clothes are torn and he has dust on his head?  What is this a sign of?  What do you think of his sincerity in how he looks?
• The man brings bad news about the battle.  Since David had seen the assembly of the Philistines, how surprised do you think he was?  
• Consider the way the battle is described in 1 Samuel 31.  The people who fled the battle fled from where?  All the fallen seemed to be on Mount Gilboa.  So where did this guy fit in that narrative in chapter 31?
• What do David and his men do when they hear of the battle?  What does this mean for David and his men?  Why so loyal to Saul?  Or do you think they mourn more the people than the king?
• After this initial response, David further inquires of this 'messenger'.  What's the difference between his first and second set of questions?
• Considering the recent battle David was involved in and why, why do you think the man's heritage as an Amalekite might not work in his favor with David?
• After the messenger is killed, David writes a 'dirge' for Saul and Jonathan.  Considering the meaning of 'Jashar' what do you think would make a good 'English' title for such a book?
• The repeated phrase, 'How the mighty have fallen' just sounds familiar.  Where have you heard it before this?
• The parallel nature of this poem is easy to spot throughout.  Consider the greater parallel structure, like topic started (the fallen people/Mt. Gilboa), topic in the middle (Saul and Jonathan), and topic at the end (Jonathan).  If the middle one is supposed to be the focus, what is David's focus in this poem?
• On the other hand, the phrase 'how the mighty have fallen' might form the hinge between sections (beginning, transition, ending).  In that case, there are only two sections, and the second would be the focus.  So, what do you think was David's true lament in that case?
• How else might you break the poem up into pieces?
• What do you think of David lamenting his enemy the king?  What do you think of his vengeance on behalf of his enemy the king?  Why do you think this may have been a brilliant political 'tactic' on David's part?

That should be enough to get us started on this new book.  Remember to bring your notes and questions!

The Tragedy of Saul

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting March 27 to study 1 Samuel 31.  This is a short sad chapter.  Notice that this story ends without a 'silver lining'.  It's not the actual end to the overall story, but for Saul, it's the bitter end.  Let's keep our focus on Saul; hard as that will be.

Read through the chapter a few times.  Go ahead and read into 2 Samuel to get some sense of the scope of where this piece fits in the overall story, but we'll be focusing on chapter 31.  Jot down observations and questions and bring them with you Thursday.

After reading through a few times, read back through with the questions below:

• Why do you think the people fled so early on in the fight?
• The sons of Saul die and yet the Philistines take their time finding Saul.  How do you imagine this fight looking?
• The archers find Saul, but still the 'army' hasn't.  Why might that be?
• Saul tells his 'armor-bearer' to kill him, why doesn't he want to die fighting the Philistines?
• Saul kills himself, and then so does his armor-bearer.  How do you imagine this scene?  Why don't the Philistines find him before the next day?
• Where are the rest of the 'men of Israel'?  Look for Gilboa on a map, so why do those on the other side of the Jordan see Saul fall?
• The people fee the cities, and Philistines take them to live in.  What seems strange to you about this?
• Why treat the body of Saul like they did?  
• Why do the Philistines celebrate in their temples?
• Where is the city of Beth-Shan?  Why would the men of Jabesh Gilead risk so much to take Saul and his sons to bury them? (1 Samuel 11)  Why burn them first?
• Why do you think the 'Tamarisk Tree' is a significant place to bury Saul?
• What do you think Saul might have done differently to change the outcome of the battle?  At what point could he have recovered his relationship with God?

That should keep us busy for a bit.  We will also discuss what we'll do next.  See you Thursday!

Of Witches and Kings

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting March 13 to study 1 Samuel 28 and 29.  We didn't start chapter 28 last week due to a late start and good discussion of chapter 27.  So I have the study questions for chapter 28 from the last study page repeated below.

These two chapters add to the heightened suspense of the coming battle.  God is demonstrating some very problematic behavior in 28, and in 29 we are robbed of seeing what might have happened with David in the Philistine camp.  It's a very strange set of chapters.  What we should be looking for is the work of God and His purpose revealed.  That's not hard to find, the difficulty is the reason why He chooses to work in the particular ways he does.  So, we'll both look for what He's doing, and explore options about why He uses the methods He does, and what that means for us.

Read both chapters several times.  Hopefully you already have read at least 28 a few times.  You are probably going to need to read it a few times just to get a sense of all the details involved.  Then perhaps a few more to really analyze what's happening and what that means.  You can read some commentaries, but just keep in mind that modern commentaries really do not like this chapter, and will usually take one of only two options.  I plan on exploring the more dangerous and creepy options they don't. 

Chapter 29 will be a bit easier, but try to imagine the setting, the people, the dialogue actually happening, and think about what you see.  Still read through the chapter a few times, but this one is shorter and a lot easier to deal with.

After you've read these chapters a few times, then go back through with these questions:

Chapter 28

•  Achish tells David that he will accompany the king into war.  Read verse 2 in as many translations as you have.  What do you think David means by his response to Achish? 
• No one knows, the Scripture never tells us, but what do you think David planned to do in battle?
• What 'position' does Achish give to David?  Why do you think Achish would do that?  What do you think he thinks of David?
• This chapter repeats the statement about Samuel we already say in chapter 25.  Why do you think this is an important enough element to repeat?
• The other element with which Samuel's death is combined is the comment that Saul had 'removed' those communing with the dead from the land.  What do these two have in common?
• What sorts of things does Saul use to try to 'hear' from God?  Why do you think God doesn't answer?
• Saul resorts to asking his servants about one of these 'ones communing with the dead'.  How long does it take to fine one?  What do you think that means for the 'effectiveness' of Saul's 'purge' of such people?
• Saul specifically asks for, and the woman in En-Dor is specifically referred to as a "Baal-Spiritist", and since baal can mean 'lord' or 'master', what do you think this means for who she is among 'spiritists'?  What do you think may be some other options?
•  If God will not answer, how wrong is Saul in seeking this option?
• Saul disguises himself and goes to the super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic.  What is the first thing she says when they approach her for this 'gig'?
• What seems really odd about Saul's response to her hesitation?
• There is a bunch of conjecture about what made the woman scream, Samuel or the fact that Saul was the one asking her to do this.  What do you think it means if she screamed when Samuel appeared?
• Since God forbids this sort of practice, what do you think it means that Samuel appears?  Why, if it 'works' does God not what this sort of thing practiced?
• Read verse 13 in several translations (included the King James if you can find one).  What does she see?  Consider that in verse 14, the reference is 'singular', "What is his shape?" while 'gods' is a plural reference.  Why do you think that might be a problem?
• What is so remarkable about what the woman describes that confirms to Saul it's Samuel?
• Why do you think Saul bows himself down when he realizes it's Samuel?
• Samuel speaks.  Imagine this scene.  What is happening?  Where is the super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic while this is going on?
• What do you think of Saul's answer to Samuel about why he asked him to be brought up?
• Samuel does not seem helpful, at least not at first.  What do you think of his response initially?  How might that help us understand why God never answered in the other ways Saul tried first?
• Where will Saul and his sons be tomorrow?  So, is Samuel in 'heaven' or 'hell'?
• Read 1 Samuel 11:1-7 and compare it to 28:20.  What do you think it feels like to be Saul right now?
• The super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic makes a great hostess, serves veal, and makes bread.  What do you think she's doing, and why?

Chapter 29

• In verse 2, the technical title of the Philistine lords is 'Seren'; like 'Pharaoh' for the leader of Egypt.  The Philistine language is gone, without example for us.  So, if you look at the times this term is used, this is one of only two times it's used where Saul is involved.  So, what does this mean for this particular battle?
• In verse three, the Philistine princes refer to David and his band as "Hebrews".  Look back at 1 Samuel 13:21.  Why might this reference be important here to explain their concern? 
• What is Achish's assessment of David?  Remember back to chapter 27, so how accurate is his assessment?
• The princes of the Philistines tell Achish to send David back home.  What is their reasoning?  What are they afraid David will do?  What have they heard of David?  This is one popular song.
• Achish goes to David, to tell him to return.  Consider how he starts his 'speech'.  Why do you think he arranges his speech that way?
• What is David's first response?  What does that mean for Achish's manner of starting?  What do you think is going on in this dialogue?  Is it formalized negotiation, covenant dialogue, cultural, or just emotional heated dialogue?
• What do you think it means that Achish refers to the God of Israel in verse 6?
• Read verse 9 in as many translations as you can.  The word used is "Elohim" which can be translated God, gods, supernatural being, or something of the like.  How do you think Achish meant it, considering he's pagan, but also used God's name in verse 6?
• How much of a 'fight' do you think David puts up here?  So do you think David is 'relieved', 'concerned', 'disappointed', or something else?

That should take us through an hour or so.  We may not get to chapter 29, and that's okay.  We'll finish this out in as much time as it takes us.  It's worth taking slow.

Everyone Makes Mistakes, Or Do They?

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting March 6 to study 1 Samuel 27 and 28 (maybe both, maybe just 27).  These chapters raise huge questions for loyal followers of Jesus.  There are lots of 'conjectures', 'theories', and 'suggestions'; all of which are opinions, but none of which are really satisfactory or comfortable.  The reality is that these two chapters make us uncomfortable as believers.  So, like all the previous times, we will dive into and swim fearlessly in the deep murky water of Scripture to find the jewels of our Master hidden within.

So, as always, read these chapters several times.  It may be helpful to read ahead, perhaps to the end of the book.  The challenge for us with these two chapters is to perceive what God is doing with these events, and see if we can determine what He is doing, and what He is 'permitting' to be done.  I think that this is an example of our Master 'working all things together for good for those who are called according to His purpose.'  But what is that purpose, and how is He working? 

Jot down your thoughts and questions as you read through.  It may be tough, but try not to camp out on one idea or theory.  Keep in mind we all have opinions on these things, but trying to look back 3,000 years is never easy, and rarely sure.  What we do know is that we have to read is what God wants us to have.  Beyond that, His Spirit uses these words to work on our hearts for His purpose.  That's what we know; all else is opinion.

After reading through the chapters a few times, read through again with these questions in mind:

Chapter 27:

• After reading David's statement in the previous chapter (1 Sam. 26:19) it seems this is not a new idea for David.  Why do you think David seems to even consider this idea?
• Review 1 Sam. 21:10-15.  Why do you think David would consider returning to Achish?
• David's plan seems to work. Saul stops pursuing him.  How do you think the people of Israel think of David at this point?
• David wants space from Achish, and the king gives him Ziklag.  Why do you think David would want it, and why do you think Achish would give it to him?
• Look at a map of the region (one that goes south to the border of Egypt, the one below is too small), and consider where the peoples are that David raids. Why do you think David raids these people?
• If David leaves no witnesses, who do you think he sounds like?
• What is David doing here, raiding, leaving no witnesses, and lying to Achish; what is he playing at?
• Read verse 9 in a few translations.  What is David doing with what he takes?
• What do you think about that 'clothing' can also be translated 'treachery'?
• David says he's raiding the south of Judah.  Why do you think Achish would believe David would behave like that?

Chapter 28:

•  Achish tells David that he will accompany the king into war.  Read verse 2 in as many translations as you have.  What do you think David means by his response to Achish? 
• No one knows, the Scripture never tells us, but what do you think David planned to do in battle?
• What 'position' does Achish give to David?  Why do you think Achish would do that?  What do you think he thinks of David?
• This chapter repeats the statement about Samuel we already say in chapter 25.  Why do you think this is an important enough element to repeat?
• The other element with which Samuel's death is combined is the comment that Saul had 'removed' those communing with the dead from the land.  What do these two have in common?
• What sorts of things does Saul use to try to 'hear' from God?  Why do you think God doesn't answer?
• Saul resorts to asking his servants about one of these 'ones communing with the dead'.  How long does it take to fine one?  What do you think that means for the 'effectiveness' of Saul's 'purge' of such people?
• Saul specifically asks for, and the woman in En-Dor is specifically referred to as a "Baal-Spiritist", and since baal can mean 'lord' or 'master', what do you think this means for who she is among 'spiritists'?  What do you think may be some other options?
•  If God will not answer, how wrong is Saul in seeking this option?
• Saul disguises himself and goes to the super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic.  What is the first thing she says when they approach her for this 'gig'?
• What seems really odd about Saul's response to her hesitation?
• There is a bunch of conjecture about what made the woman scream, Samuel or the fact that Saul was the one asking her to do this.  What do you think it means if she screamed when Samuel appeared?
• Since God forbids this sort of practice, what do you think it means that Samuel appears?  Why, if it 'works' does God not what this sort of thing practiced?
• Read verse 13 in several translations (included the King James if you can find one).  What does she see?  Consider that in verse 14, the reference is 'singular', "What is his shape?" while 'gods' is a plural reference.  Why do you think that might be a problem?
• What is so remarkable about what the woman describes that confirms to Saul it's Samuel?
• Why do you think Saul bows himself down when he realizes it's Samuel?
• Samuel speaks.  Imagine this scene.  What is happening?  Where is the super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic while this is going on?
• What do you think of Saul's answer to Samuel about why he asked him to be brought up?
• Samuel does not seem helpful, at least not at first.  What do you think of his response initially?  How might that help us understand why God never answered in the other ways Saul tried first?
• Where will Saul and his sons be tomorrow?  So, is Samuel in 'heaven' or 'hell'?
• Read 1 Samuel 11:1-7 and compare it to 28:20.  What do you think it feels like to be Saul right now?
• The super-spirit-channel-surfer-chic makes a great hostess, serves veal, and makes bread.  What do you think she's doing, and why?

That should keep well entertained for at least one evening.  Remember to bring your questions and observations to group this Thursday!

Late Night Visitors

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting February 27 to study 1 Samuel 26.  This is very similar to the account in chapter 24, but the differences are important.  This account seems to be more pieced together.  I'm sure lots of theories exist about how it's merely another version of chapter 24, or about how this one is evidence of how accounts of David were more fragmentary legends than actual fact. 

Big deal. Let them theorize.  The only truly verifiable fact is that this account not only made it into versions of 1 Samuel early on, but that it also acquired very few very minor differences between manuscript families. So, while it, like so many we have studied, are peculiar, it has more support as a historical event than many other less ancient cultures.

So, like always, read the chapter several times.  In this one, pay particular attention to things that seem repetitious.  Also pay close attention to any margin notes your particular translation may have.  The repetitious parts may have some significance, but even if not significant, can signal where different versions of the account were pieced together.  If you step back, you can sometimes tell in such places how various accounts were actually amazingly harmonious in their details. 

Jot down questions and observations you make as you read through the chapter.  It may be helpful to look back over chapter 24 for a reminder of details there.  After you've been through the chapter a few times on your own, look back over it with the questions below:

• The people of Ziph come again to Saul.  Why do you think they keep doing this with David?
• So, how do you think David is able to move about and see so clearly without being seen?  It's the desert, it's hard to hide much of anything...or is it?
• David goes out to see for himself, and takes two with him.  Abishai is the son of Zeruiah.  Look up Zeruiah on the Blue Letter Bible website.  There are interesting ideas of what her name means, but why do you think David refers to Abishai in terms of his mom?  He always refers to the three men that way, so it's important, but we don't really know why.
• What is expected but missing as David and Abishai sneak into the camp?
• Who is with Saul here but was missing in chapter 24?  Why do you think he came this time?
• Again, David and his men are able to talk where you would think it would be unwise.  Why do you think that is?  And doesn't it make Abishai's point stronger?
• David restrains Abishai, takes Saul's spear and water jug, and leaves.  What do you think might be important about the 'spear'?
• Who takes the spear and jug?
• On their way out, we're told how they're able to get away with it.  Why do you think God wants David to do this?
• David goes a good distance and calls out to wake the army.  Why do you think he calls out to Abner specifically?
• Read what he says to Abner carefully, possibly from several translations.  His reasoning seems somewhat convoluted, but the essence is clear.  What does he claim needs to be done to Abner?
• As David speaks to Saul, what details are similar to chapter 24?  What details are different?
• David gives the spear back to Saul, and then continues to speak.  With the breaks in the dialogue sometimes you can spot where 'splices' were made to various accounts.  But what is the consistent theme throughout them all?

That should keep us busy for an hour or so.  Be sure to bring your own questions and observations.  See you Thursday!

Who Let's Their Enemy Go Free?

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting February 13 to study 1 Samuel 24.  This is one of the most popular stories of David being pursued by Saul.  There is one more of these, but this one, of all the other stories of David, stands out in people's minds.  It also makes it into lots of children's books, but Saul is usually 'napping' (I suppose 'pooping' would detract from the point of the story with most children).

Read through this fairly short chapter several times.  Think through the setting, to the extent that it's described.  This region is made up of limestone cliffs, narrow winding 'wadis' or water trails through the cliffs, and caves of all sizes and shapes.  No one really knows where the cave in this story is, or which one of the many it could be.  All that is known is the general lay of the land around En-Gedi.  This link will take you to the Israel tourist web page for Engedi.  It's interesting reading.  This link will take you to some better pictures of the current location in Israel.

Read through the chapter several times looking for those things that seem odd, either aren't explained, or have an odd explanation.  There are plenty of things to ponder, so make notes, write down your questions, and bring them with you Thursday.  You may find reading the preceding chapter, and the one that follows very helpful.  As I mentioned last week, I have a favorite explanation of what motivates David to do this, but it's only one, and not necessarily the most popular one; and it's not original with me at all.

After you've read through the chapter a few times yourself and made your own notes and questions, read through again with these questions:

• The literal description of Saul's choice of men was 'young men'.  Why do you think that would make sense in Saul's choice?
• En-Gedi means 'spring of the mountain goats', but Saul looks among the 'crags of the mountain goats'.  Why do you think he would look there rather than the 'spring'?
• The description here is of 'sheep pens' on the road.  The idea being that there is so little room on the path/road that the sheep pens are right along or on it, impeding traffic perhaps if carts, horses, or donkey's are used.  What seems odd about the the sheep pens and this cave in close proximity?
• The Hebrew euphemism used here is 'cover his feet' which refers to 'going number 2' (yes, we're sure, it's still used today).  What other options have you heard for Saul's 'activity' in the cave?
• What characteristic of caves might make the comment of David's men rather dangerous?  What does this say about qualities of this particular cave?
• David listens to his men, but only cuts off the 'wing' of Saul's robe.  Why do you think he only cuts off piece of the robe if he's been urged to take his life?
• After cutting off the piece of robe, David's 'heart caused him to be struck', a euphemism for 'a sudden attack of conscience'.  Why now, and why after only cutting off the piece of robe?  In cutting off the piece of robe, what has David done?
• What quality of both David and Saul can you think of that they have in common (read verse 6 carefully, David mentions one twice)?  What difference might some sort of quality like this make on his decision to let Saul live?
• What effect does David's words have on his men?
• David follows Saul out of the cave, and calls to him.  Why do you think he would bow when Saul turns around?  
• What about the 3,000 men with Saul, what do you think they think right now?
• David refers to some interesting things in his 'speech' to Saul.  Why do you think he blames Saul's pursuit on others rather than Saul?  Why do you think David would let them know his men are in the cave?  David shows the 'wing' of Saul's robe as proof he was close enough to kill him, but that's what he felt guilty about.  Why show it as proof of his innocence now?
• David calls on God to act as judge and 'avenger' between them.  Why do you think he phrases it that way?  Does Saul really seem to care about God at this point?  Do you think Saul can even tell what God says or does?
• What about his 'ancient proverb', why do you think David would bring this up?  What does it say about Saul, and in front of his men?  Does that help perhaps clarify what David is most concerned about in this?
• Saul makes a very powerful admission, and does so with weeping.  What do you think this means for the 3,000 young men following Saul?
• What do you think Saul's point is in verse 19?  What implication is he making?
• Saul confesses in essence what his son says in the previous chapter.  Do you think this just now dawns of Saul?  Why or why not?
• Saul requests something of David.  This really is fairly strange if you think about it.  Why do you think Saul would ask about his 'seed'?  What's the implication here?  When would this 'oath' be invoked?
• David agrees, and they go their separate ways.  Why do you think that David does not return with Saul?  Do you think Saul expects him to?

That should do for now.  You may find it helpful to go back over the chapter a few times again after these questions.  More questions will probably come up as you do.  It really has several layers to it.

See you Thursday!

The Danger of Obedience

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting February 6 to study 1 Samuel 23.  This is a fun chapter, has weirdness in it, close calls, and the tension of leadership.  It also is an excellent challenge about hearing God's voice over the voice of people around us.

Read through the chapter several times.  Look for things that sound odd or unexpected.  Write down your questions and observations.  You guys have been asking really good questions.  Keep them coming.  As we saw, sometimes these are answered in Scripture (as if even the people of that day were asking the same questions you are), and some aren't and we're left to wonder.  It's okay, wonder is good.  We can use it to our advantage as we explore Scripture.

After you've read through this chapter (perhaps re-read the one behind and then the one ahead), and you have some questions and observations of your own; go back through once more with these questions.

• David has made his family safe, he's back in the forests of Judah, and has 600 men around him.  Someone tells him that the Philistines are in Keilah.  See if you can find that on a map.  Why do you think the people would tell David rather than Saul?
• Why do you think David would hear about Keilah and then inquire of God to know what he should do?  Why isn't it obvious?  And what do you think the 'obvious' thing would be?
• David's men are afraid if Judah, but of what?  Why do you think they would be more afraid of the Philistines?
• David goes back to verify the word of God he heard the first time, and it's confirmed.  And they go, and are successful.  How do you think the men around David feel now?  Do you think they are still afraid, and if so, of what?  If not, why not?
• What do you find peculiar about Abiathar coming to David at Keilah?  Look back at 1 Samuel 22:20-23; wasn't Abiathar already with David?  What could the writer/editor be telling us with Abiathar's arrival?
• What do you think is the significance of David being in Keilah that makes Saul happy?
• This time David seeks God, the ephod is mentioned.  Why do you think that detail here combined with verse 6 is important?  What do you think that says about David's inquiries in the first 4 verses?
• The word used for 'men' of Keilah can be found in the Strong's Concordance under H1167.  After you look that up, look at H1168.  Now what do you think about the word used?
• Why do you think the people of Keilah would give their 'deliverer' into the hand of the king who did not come to save them, and only moved when he heard David was there, not Philistines?
• Why would God send David to save such people?  Why would God send David to where He knew David would be in danger?
• Look back at 1 Samuel 22:2, where do you think David came up with the other 200 men?  
• David leaves Keilah, and Saul hears about it.  So, between verse 13 and 14, did Saul go out after David or not?
• Saul can't find David, but his son Jonathan seems to have no problem.  Why do you think that might be?
• Consider what Jonathan says to David.  What is Jonathan going to do that his father will not?
• How many covenants between David and Jonathan does this make?
• The people of Ziph go to Saul about David.  Here again, why might they do that?  Does 1 Samuel 22:2 suggest a reason for you?
• Saul is very happy with the people of Ziph, they have had the 'pity' on him that his servants didn't.  What does it mean for you that Saul invokes the name of God in blessing these people.  How valid a blessing is this, even with God's name used?
• So Saul essentially uses the people of Ziph as 'scouts' for his forces to find David.  How effective are they?
• This isn't an easy passage to translate, but the gist of it is easily found in most any translation.  How close do you think Saul is getting to David?
• Now Saul hears of Philistines, now he pursues them.  Why do you think this is different from before when the Philistines attacked Keilah?
• Look up 'En-Gedi' in a Bible Dictionary, map, online or other resource.  What sort of place has David gone?

That should do it for this week.  Be sure to bring your questions and notes with you Thursday.  See you then!

Wicked Crazy King: Never A Good Combo

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting January 30 to study 1 Samuel 21 & 22 (yes, two chapters).  This is where Saul really becomes unhinged; dark days for Israel.  There are a lot of details in these chapters, some of which you asked about last week.  Good questions then, and here are some good answers.

Read through both chapters, and even the next if you haven't already.  Go back through these chapters a few times, in different translations.  Be looking for odd details, strange elements that paint a peculiar picture.  Note the priests of Nob.  What seems strange about them, their behavior, and their responses to David and Saul?  Look for Nob on a map somewhere in your Bible or atlas.  Be sure to jot down questions or insights you find in these chapters.

Once you've gone through several times already, go back through with these questions:

Chapter 21

• David leaves Jonathan and goes to Nob.  Why do you think the priests would come out 'trembling'?
• There are several questions Ahimelech asks that indicate he knows something's up with David being there.  Why do you think he keeps asking these questions?  What do you think he's after?
• What is the issue with the bread?  What must the men with David be to partake of the bread?
• Read Leviticus 24:5-9.  What's the problem with Ahimelech giving this bread to David?  Why do you think he would do so anyway?
• Read verse 7 in as many different translations as you have.  Most, if not all, state that Doeg is 'detained before' God.  This word seems to have theological significance in the Hebrew Scriptures with reference to God's sovereignty in that it is He who restrains things and people.  What might that mean here?
• Why would the sword of Goliath be here?  Why do you think this would be an important item for David to have?
• Where does David go after leaving Nob?  Remember back to 1 Samuel 17.  Why might David have thought of Gath, and why might this be a bad idea considering what David is carrying among his things?
• What do you think of the king of Gath?  What sort of ruler is he?  Is he smart, foolish, what?
• Why do you think David opts for the 'insanity plea'?

Chapter 22

•  Find Adullam on a map.  In what tribal area is it found?
• Why do you think his brothers and father come to him there?
• Who else comes to find David?  What sort of people are these?  What other story does this remind you of?
• Where does David go with his family?  Why go there?
• Where do you think this 'stronghold' is?
• Why do you think God wants David to return to Judah?
• What does Saul know about David?  So why do you think he remains under the tree?
• What does Saul hold over his servants?
• What does Saul believe about David?  Why would he think this?
• What is Doeg in the service of Saul?  Why do you think he would volunteer this information?
• Why do you think all the priests were summoned?
• What do you think it was about Ahimelech's defense that made Saul want to kill him?
•  If Saul holds lands and positions over his servants, and they won't kill the priests, what does this say about how his servants feel about the king?
• Look up 'H6293' in the Blue Letter Bible website.  What sort of range of meaning does this word have?  So where do you think Doeg did the 'falling' on the priests?
• What do you think of Doeg's obedience to Saul?  Do you think this is what Saul meant?
• What do you call this sort of 'warfare'? (we've looked at it before - as in Jericho)
• So, Abiathar escapes.  Where does he go?  What do you think it means that he knows where to find David?  
• What is David's response when he hears of the destruction of Nob?
• What do you think this means for the nation of Israel?  What do you think about Saul and his mental state?

This should do for now.  We may not get through both chapters.  We'll take it as far as we can.

See you Thursday!

What's A Good Son To Do?

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting January 23 to study 1 Samuel 20.  This picks up where the group left off before taking a detour through Multiply and Isaiah 40.  We're back for a while.  After we finish 1 Samuel, then we're going to do something different and look at how we actually got the Scripture we study (it's fascinating and stunning really).

It will probably be helpful to re-read 1 Samuel 19 just for sense of what's going on.  This chapter starts out with a discussion, the context of which could be the dancing naked king's search for his imagined enemy.  On the other hand...

Read chapter 20 several times.  It might be helpful to think in terms of what would each person have to be thinking to say/do what they say/do.  Try to put yourself in their sandals as it were.  Jot down questions and observations of peculiar things.  After going through it a few times, go back through with the questions below:

• Why do you think David would go to Jonathan after leaving the raving naked Saul?
• What do you imagine is David's 'tone' as he talks to Jonathan?
• If Jonathan really doesn't know about his father's pursuit of David, why would that be?  If Saul doesn't leave Jonathan out of these things, why now?
• If David is correct, where does this put Jonathan?  How does he 'win' in such a situation?
• David has an idea to test Saul's intent and show whether he or Jonathan is correct.  Why do you think Saul would expect David to show up if he just pursued him to Naioth to kill him?
• The festival or feast is a new moon festival, look up Number 10:10, and 28:11-15.  Does this sound like what is being celebrated here?
• David's ruse to use with Saul is that he went to Bethlehem to sacrifice.  Look up Deuteronomy 12:5-7, is this what David might be referring to?  Why or why not?  Did you come up with other alternatives?
• David refers to his covenant with Jonathan, and under no circumstances wants to be taken to Saul.  Why do you think David would rather Jonathan put him to death if there is 'iniquity' in him?
• Jonathan makes another covenant with David.  He did this once before in 1 Samuel 18:1-4.  We're not given a lot of detail there, but even so, what do you see different here?
• Jonathan adjusts the plan a bit, but it is essentially David's idea.  Why do you think the arrows, and boy to find them?  What do you think is important about Jonathan notifying David that way?
• Consider that Saul assumes David missed the festival because he was unclean.  Why do you think Saul might be making excuses rather than asking at this point?
• Saul asks Jonathan about David, but in this chapter, Saul never uses his name, but his father's name.  Why might that be?
• Jonathan changes the story slightly adding David's brother.  Why do you think he would do that?
• Imagine the feelings at the table that day.  What do you think everyone else is feeling or thinking?  How aware of that does Saul seem to be?  What does that say about Saul?
• Think through what Saul calls his son.  He said this in front of the entire 'table'.  Saul criticizes Jonathan for choosing David, yet his actions seem to support Jonathan's choice.  What is going on with Saul?
• Saul claims that what he's trying to fix is Jonathan's ascension to the throne.  Why might that not be what he's trying to do?
• Why does Jonathan 'grieve'?  What is it that he feels his father has done to David?
• Jonathan goes out as he said he would, and shoots arrows.  The boy knows nothing, and is sent back into the city before David comes out.  So what's with the boy in the first place?
• Why does David bow down to Jonathan 3 times?
• Jonathan refers to he and David's 'posterity' as they part.  Why might Jonathan be thinking about that as he parts from David?

That is probably more than enough for now.  We probably won't get to all these questions (if any - you know how it goes).  So, be sure to bring your own questions and observations with you Thursday.

Blessings upon you until then!

Enemy Son-In-Law of the King

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Study Group meeting October 3 to study 1 Samuel 18.  We covered the documentary issues with the last chapter.  This chapter has similar issues, but far fewer.  This is simply a study of the odd character of King Saul.  I almost titled the study page, "Paranoid Much?" but thought we could best examine him without the easy improperly applied labels.

Read through the chapter a few times to get a feel for the people and events.  Read ahead a chapter or so to get a better sense of how this chapter helps the development along.  Jot down questions and observations.  You should have quite a few with this chapter.  Some of Saul's behavior is almost inexplicable.  Feel free to theorize about some things, but also focus on the things we do know.  We may not know why he does some of these things, but what does he actually do?  Break it down.

After reading through a few times, read through again with the questions below:

• Why might Jonathan not be mentioned in previous accounts of David and Saul?
• What traits of both David and Jonathan might make them prone to be knit together at the heart?
• What might it mean that Jonathan gives David his robe, armor, and kit?
• Verse 5 contains elements repeated several times throughout the chapter.  Why do you think this is this important?
• The song of verse 7 troubles Saul.  Look up "thousands" and "ten thousands" in a Strong's or online (at the links for each).  What could be some alternatives for Saul's interpretation?
• Why do you think Saul would treat David as he does in verses 12-15?  If he doesn't trust him why set him over the army?
• Why would marrying Saul's daughter endanger David with the Philistines?  What do you think is the connection Saul sees?
• Eventually David's reason for hesitating to be Saul's son-in-law becomes clear (he's too poor for the dowry - v.23), but what might be some other reasons in David's mind/heart?
• Why do you think Saul's request of a dowry of foreskins is more agreeable to David?  Why do you think he doubles the number?
• From verse 30, who esteems David highly? 

There are a lot of other issues and covering the repetition will also take our time, so the short list of questions may not be a good indicator of how long this chapter may take us.

Please remember to bring any notes you make to the study.

Blessings upon you all!

Who Are You Again?

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Small Group meeting September 26 to study 1 Samuel 17.  This is a deceptively simple chapter.  When combined with chapter 16 it seems to repeat the beginnings of David and Saul meeting.

This week I have attached a document to the email to help you get a sense of documentation issues with the chapter.  The .PDF file is the text of 1 Samuel 17 translated from the Greek version of the Hebrew Scriptures (Septuagint or LXX).  This Greek text may preserve an older reading from the Hebrew Scriptures that the Hebrew text normally used.  It's not certain, it's possible.  Read this together with what have in our modern translations, and take careful note of the differences.

Read this chapter in as many translations as you have available.  The differences may surprise you.  Look up strange word usage in a concordance (like Strong's).  Be sure to take notes on what you find as you read through, jot down questions and the answers you come up with.

After reading through several times, go back through again using the questions below:

• Why do you think all the detail about who was on which hill across which valley might be important?
• If a cubit is about 18 inches and a span is about 6, how many fingers does he have on his left hand? (2 Samuel 21:20 - you thought I was kidding didn't you?)
• If a "shekel" is about .5 oz, then about how heavy was Goliath's armor in lbs.?
• How heavy would the head of his spear be?
• Why do you think the ranks of Israel fled from one Philistine?
• Why would we be 're-introduced' to David in verse 12?
• If David goes back and forth from Saul to the flock, how known would he be by Saul?
• Why would the giant come out every day, all day, for forty days?  What's he and the Philistines doing?
•  Why do you think would Jesse send supplies to the commander of his sons, not just his sons?
• If David leaves early, and arrives as the giant is coming out, how long was his trip?  
• Think about the 'scuttlebutt' in the ranks as the giant comes out.  Saul has raised the stakes for a champion, everyone's talking about it, so why doesn't someone try for it?  What's the assumption in the ranks?
• Why might David want to hear the same spiel over and over?
• Why, if David was anointed right in front of him, would his brother be all upset by David now?
• How put off by his older brother is David?
• David volunteers to fight the giant.  What experience has he had with giants?
• What do you think of David's lion and bear fighting technique?
• What would David have been using against the lion and bear?
• If he's not wearing armor, what advantage would he have over the giant?
• David picks up 5 stones not 1.  In light of 2 Samuel 21, why might that have been a good idea?  What's he ready for?
• Back to taunting again.  Why is David's taunt so much better than the giants?
• Look at verse 49 in the attachment.  How does that help explain what the stone did to the giant?
• How did Goliath die?
• Where do you think the shield guy was?
• What does David do with the giant's stuff, like his head and his weapons?
• Why would Saul not know David?  Why wouldn't Abner?
• When David appears before Saul, where is the giant head now?

That should be plenty to fuel a discussion.  I look forward to seeing everyone Thursday!  Blessings upon you until then!

And Now We Meet David

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting September 19 to study 1 Samuel 16.  This chapter begins the ascent of David to the throne.  The account of  Saul has set this up for us, and from here on the narrative is pretty much about David.  This chapter sets the stage for the rest of the book of 1 Samuel.

Read through the chapter several times on your own.  Jot down the funky strange things you will find.  Some will be blatant and really difficult to grapple with.  Others not so much, so be sure to look beyond evil spirits.  We will be working through the obvious ones as well as not so obvious ones; as you know, we don't skip much.  You are going to find ones I miss though, so please don't just rely on the questions below.

Once you've been through the chapter a few times, go back through again using the questions below:

• Why do you think Samuel mourns Saul so long when Samuel didn't even want a king in the first place?
• To get Samuel out of his funk, God gives him a job (not unlike Elijah later on).  Why, after facing down Saul at Gilgal, would Samuel fear him?
• God accommodates Samuel's fear (or excuse) by telling him to use a ruse.  Why would He do that?  Why not push Samuel to simply be obedient in faith alone?
• The elders of Bethlehem tremble when Samuel shows.  What might they be thinking to come out that way?  How do you think they perceive Samuel if this is how they go out to greet him?  What might we have missed to explain their behavior?
• What do you think Jesse might have thought that Samuel pays his family such attention?  After such attention by Samuel, why leave David out?
• What are the obvious similarities between Eliab and Saul (1 Samuel 9:2)? Do you think that God is using a different standard now than he did with Saul?  Why or why not?
• How many sons does Jesse have?
• When David arrives, how different is his description from Saul's (1 Samuel 9:2)?
• Who witnesses the anointing?  Keep that in mind for the next chapter.
• From this time on, the Spirit of Yahweh is on David.  How different is this from Saul in 1 Samuel 10 and 11?
• Verse 14 begins a totally separate account, but the connection is obvious.  Try reading chapter 17 entirely, and then coming back and reading the rest of 16.  How does that work in the literary flow of the story?
• God sends an evil spirit to terrorize Saul.  There's really no other way to translate this account, the spirit is evil, and it comes from God.  What does that say about God's character, what do you learn from that?
• The servants of Saul know what's going on with Saul, they realize both the spirit's evil, and that it came from God.  How strange is this sort of thing if they recognize it, and have a solution?
• Consider the sort of 'musician' they look for, why would these qualities beyond the ability to play an instrument/harp be so important?  
• So how old is David in this description?
• Jesse sends David with 'gifts' for Saul beyond his son.  Why do that if he's already sending his son?
• How does Saul view David?  What job beyond 'court musician' does David get?  Considering the guy that does that for Jonathan, how safe is such a job?
• Saul sends to Jesse to have David stay with him, so David is now employed full time.  How does that mesh with the following chapter?
• Read verse 23 in as many versions as you can.  If you have a Strong's Concordance, look up 'refreshed' (H7304) or look it up on the Blue Letter Bible website.  Look how similar it is to 'spirit' (H7307).  In fact, on the Blue Letter Bible website, you can listen to the pronunciation of both, and see how close they are to each other.  Why might this be an important literary element to this specific account of David and Saul?

I suspect that there is way more than enough in this chapter to discuss for one night.  Going forward the story gets more familiar, but still with plenty of peculiarities.  I look forward to seeing everyone in a few weeks!

What God Regrets

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting September 5 to study 1 Samuel 15.  This is a very interesting chapter.  It recounts one of Saul's victories listed in chapter 14, but also the final failure and rejection of Saul as king.  There is no "time-table" so we don't know how far into his reign this happens.  It could be a decade or more of his twenty or so years reign.  Since for this account, timing is not important, we'll just study it as it's presented.

Read through the chapter several times, and note items like where are people when they are doing what is described.  It may be helpful to trace Saul's route on a map (or two maps perhaps - there's one down below).  Be sure to read the chapter in a few translations.  They read differently, and those differences are your clues to "difficulties" and the various possible solutions.  Make some note and bring them - we had some real good ones last week.

After reading through a few times, read back through using the questions below:

• Samuel gives Saul some instructions from God.  How explicit and clear are these instructions?  How much "room for error" did Samuel/God leave Saul?
• How long did Saul wait to start out?
• Who are the Kenites?  Look them up here.  Why let them go?  What "kindness" did they show Israel in the desert wandering?
• Verse 7 sounds good, then verses 8 and 9 depart from his instructions.  In the previous chapter (14:48), Amalek is described as ones having plundered Israel.  What difference might this make in influencing their obedience to the command of God?
• In verse 11, we are introduced to a word ascribed to God, a characteristic of His.  Look up H5162 in Strong's Concordance (your own or online).  Think about what this means, essentially all the meanings have a common thread.  What does this mean that God can do this?  Why might that be a problem "theologically" for people?
• This is where we trace Saul's route to Gilgal.  He comes back and goes to Carmel first.  Look at the map below.  Why is that a strange route to take?  Consider what he does there.  Hold that thought.
• When Samuel shows up at Gilgal, how does Saul greet him?  Consider that along with the thought you were holding from the previous question.  Now, how does Saul seem to view the situation?
• When Samuel asks Saul about the sheep and cattle, Saul says they are for sacrifice.  In such an act of worship, what happens to the sacrifice?  (think about this from previous references in Samuel).  So what is the intent of the people/Saul?
• In all the places where "utterly destroyed" or "completely destroyed" is used, it refers to this word at H2763, listen to it in addition to reading about it. Does the word sound familiar, but from a different context in the Middle East?  What is allowed to escape the "ban"?  Why or why not?
• Even through verse 16, Saul doesn't seem to grasp the situation.  Why might that be?  How could he not know he's done something wrong?
• Even as he answers Samuel, he still protests his innocence.  What is it the difference between Saul's intent, and the intent of the "ban"?  Wouldn't the end result be the same?
• In Samuel's response to Saul, he uses two words for "sacrifice", one the "whole burnt offering" where nothing is spared, all is burned, and then the word Saul has used throughout.  What's the difference?  How does this illuminate more about what is really wrong here?  But what would have been different had they intended a "whole burnt offering"?
• If God delights more in obedience than offerings, what does that say about our worship on Sunday's?  What is supposed to characterize us throughout the week?
• Read verse 23 in as many versions as you can find.  Saul's sins are rebellion (as bad as divination), and what?  What is as bad as idolatry?  Why might that be true, and connected to idolatry?
• Samuel calls what Saul has done, "rejection of God's command/word".  How aware was Saul of what he was doing and what it really meant?  Does God take that into account?
• Read both verses 24 and 30.  From Samuel's response, how much difference does it seem to make whether Saul is sincere or not?
• When Saul grabs Samuel's robe and it tears, consider what he says to Saul, what will God not do? This word "change His mind" or "relent" or "repent" is the same word used previously for God in verse 11 (H5162).  What's the difference here?  Why not here, but before God does?  Hold that thought.
• Samuel does go back with Saul, but he has other reasons than making Saul look good to the elders and the people.  What does Samuel do to Agag?  Look at verse 33 in as many versions as you have.  The NIV is "nicer" but the others are more accurate.  How does this influence your thinking about God?
• In verse 35, God again is said to "repent" or "regret", and it's our same word.  Again, why here, but not in verse 29?  What does Samuel's claim mean in verse 29?
• How does Samuel feel about all this?  Consider verses 11, along with 35.  Keep this in mind, because it comes back around in the next chapter.

That should keep us busy Thursday.  I look forward to studying with you then.

Rashness: Both Good and Bad

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting August 29 to study 1 Samuel 14.  There are peculiar twists and confusing descriptions in this chapter.  And it gives us probably the most positive view of Saul, and it's not all that good.

Read through the chapter several times to get a sense of the flow of events.  There is a part at the beginning that is sort of an annotation/interruption in the narrative, but it's not hard to pick up the flow of events immediately following.  It was supposed to give more detail on the setting, but so far from the events, it's almost obscuring rather than clarifying.  We have to trust that it meant something at the time of writing/compiling.

Jot down notes, questions, and insights into God's character, Saul's character, Jonathan's character and the people.  Note relationships and imagine what it would have been like to be there and hear what was said, see what was done, and see who was doing it.  After reading it through enough to get a good feel for it, and jotting down your insights, read it through again with these questions:

• As with the prior chapter, Jonathan starts the conflict.  In verse 1, it doesn't sound bad, but through verse 5, the situation is shown to be really lopsided.  What sort of character do you think it takes in a person to face such circumstances with just your "buddy"?
• Jonathan has a reason for his faith, that Yahweh isn't hindered by lack of numbers, he has history to demonstrate this (Gideon for example).  What is your faith based in, what sort of personal history?  And does that history support such acts of faith as Jonathan's?
• Jonathan chooses a sign to know if Yahweh has given the Philistines into his hand, but what does he use as his fall-back if the sign isn't given?  What does it mean for his character?  What do you think would have happened had the Philistines come down to him?
• Considering bravery and cowardice, so far in this account, the numerous Philistines versus the paltry few Israelites, who is courageous and who is cowardly?  Why might that be surprising?  What might support "caution" on the part of the Philistines?
• Read verse 15 in as many translations as possible.  Look up "trembling"/"panic" in the Strong's Concordance.  Then look up "trembled" in the Strong's Concordance.  These words have the same root, and the first (noun) is used at the end of the verse.  What do you imagine happening in the Philistine camp?  What does this have to do with Jonathan?
• What do the "spies/lookouts" for Saul see, what do you think it looked like?
• Saul figures out who is missing, so what does he do immediately?  There is debate about whether the "Ark of God" is referred to or whether it is the "Ephod" of the priest (long story).  What would make the Ephod make more sense in light of verse 18?
• Regardless of how confusing verse 17 and 18 are (and they are confusing), Saul decides not to inquire of God through the priest.  Why?  Think in terms of character and circumstance and don't be too quick to judge harshly.
• What do Saul and the army find when they reach the battle?  Where is Jonathan?
• Who are these "Hebrews", and where did they come from?  The Greek version uses the term "slaves", how does that influence your understanding?
• Who else joins the battle?  Where did they come from, and how did they know what was happening in Benjamin?
• Why would Saul swear an oath on the people to not eat?  What "military" value would that have had?
• When Jonathan's eyes shine from eating the honey, someone tells him of his father's oath.  How does Jonathan interpret his father's action?  What does that tell you of Jonathan's character?
• So at some point the people fall on the plunder and begin sinning by eating blood.  How do you imagine this scene?  When Saul is told, he says they are being treacherous.  What do you think about what happened and why?  If you had to ascribe fault, how would you do it (not who, but how would you decide)?
• Saul's solution is to roll a big rock to use to slaughter the animals.  It also says he built an altar, his first.  Do you think the large stone and the altar are the same?  What would that mean for what he did?  What does that say about his character?
• Saul wants to continue to pursue the Philistines, but what does it mean that the priest contradicts him?  Why would the priest do that?
• So what does God answer Saul?  What does that mean?  Saul decides what he thinks it means, so lots are cast, but why does Saul say the person offending will die?
• Prior to this the people say, "Do what is good in your eyes." But not here, what do you think they are thinking?
• Jonathan owns what he did, and whatever consequences.  What do we learn about his character here?
• The people stand up for Jonathan against the king.  If (or since) Yahweh brought victory through Jonathan, what can we guess is His opinion of what has gone on?
• The rest of the chapter summarizes Saul's reign and his family.  What do you think of Saul's victories and success?  What does that reveal of God's perspective of Saul?
• Saul's family will be important later, but a son is missing (2 Samuel 2:8), why might that be?
• Considering that "ab" means "father" in Hebrew, what do you think of Abner's name versus his father's name?  Why would someone name the child that way?
• So Saul's reign is characterized by conflict with the Philistines, so what is his usual practice?  Good idea or bad idea?  Or is it a necessity?

That should do for now.  Blessings upon you all until Thursday!

Inauspicious Prep for Battle

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Study Group meeting August 22 to study 1 Samuel 13.  This is one funky chapter.  Linguistically, it's full of really strange words only used once or twice for technical items, odd grammatical structures, and my Hebrew program left things out and mistranslated others a few times.  The essence of what's going on is hard to follow regardless of whatever problems I had working through it.

Read through the chapter a few times.  Read forward to Chapter 14 to get context.  This chapter is short, and the next one is way long, but really completes the story started here.  Read through chapter 13 a few times, and jot down odd things and questions (you will probably have plenty).  Go through again using the questions below:

• Verse 1 is missing in older texts, when it does appear has various numbers for his age, the length of reign is often missing, and when it is there is 2 years.  What do you think it changes if we ignore it entirely?
• Cities are one of the hard parts of this chapter.  Remember the starting positions: Saul in Michmash, Jonathan in Gibeah, and the Philistines in Geba.  Find these on a map, think about how much space is being referenced.  So why might everything happen in Benjamin when it's so small?
• Since Jonathan starts the conflict, what might that reveal about Jonathan's character?
• In this chapter (and throughout the book) two terms are used for the people, "Hebrews" and "Israel".  What clues do you see that there may be a distinction between these terms?
• Where is Gilgal from the rest of the events in this chapter?  Consider the difference in elevation, why might this be a bad idea?  So, why meet there?
• What is odd about where the Philistines make their camp?  Why there?
• Again in verse 6 and 7, there seems to be a difference between Hebrews and Israel.  Who does what, and what do you think that means about the difference?
• In verse 8 we're given the reason they meet in Gilgal, and what does this "appointed time set by Samuel" refer back to?  What do you think that means about the historical timing of Saul's reign?
• Saul offers the offerings without waiting for Samuel, what does this say about Saul's character?
• Considering the punishment described by Samuel, does it seem to fit the crime?  Why do you think it would it be so severe for not waiting?
• So, now Saul is in Gibeah, but then he and Jonathan are in Geba and the Philistines are in Michmash.  We've traded places.  Why might that have happened?
• Why do you think the Philistines would send out raiding parties instead of assaulting 600 men across the gorge from them (see 1 Samuel 14:5)?
• What do you think the point about the "blacksmith's" is about?  Why do you think this detail is important here?  
• Again, the term used here is "Hebrews".  How does this help us understand differences in terms?
• What sort of weapons would the people have if not swords and spears?
• What do you think it means that Saul and Jonathan have swords and spears?

So Long, And Thanks For All The Headaches

This is the Bible study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting August 15 to study 1 Samuel 12.  This is the final chapter of the Establishment of the Monarchy.  After this, Samuel and Kings follow a literary formula used for the remainder of the kings.  Here is the final address of Samuel to the people.

Read through the chapter a several times.  Look for things that jump out at you that don't make sense.  Some of what Samuel says refers to the Book of Judges which we haven't gone through yet.  Most though is a rehash of things he has said before with slight differences.  Look for and note the differences; and ask yourself why they might be different.

After reading through and jotting down some notes, consider the questions below as you read through again.

• Samuel starts by stating the current situation.  Then he asks who might have a charge against him.  Why do you think he'd ask that question?  What do you think might be his point in doing so?
• After the people respond that they have no charges, he calls God into it as a witness that they have no charges, and they agree.  Now what might he be doing?  Why do you think he would take it to this extra step?
• Then Samuel recounts the series of failures and subsequent deliverances by God.  Now what might he be doing?  He's cleared himself, now he's clearing God; but why might he be doing this?
• What does Samuel say prompted the people's request for a king?  Why use that?  Do you think that was the issue all along, or just a convenient recent issue?
• So, now they have a king, and Samuel charges them to serve and fear God; but what is the benefit, the other side of the "covenant" so to speak?  Read verse 14 in as many translations as you have access.  Consider the differences and similarities as you answer the question.
• Consider the consequences for disobedience.  It's not specific, but generally, how bad does that sound to you?  Think about how it could be worse.  How much worse can you imagine?
• As a sign to them of the truth of his words, Samuel calls on God for thunder and rain during the harvest.  Your study commentaries won't be able to pass that up.  What is the significance of the rain at harvest time?  There may be some disagreement over the significance.
• The people are panic-stricken over the rain/thunder (or voice).  But why would they think they will die, who said anything about that?
• The response of Samuel to their fearful plea is my central teaching from this chapter.  Consider the pieces of what Samuel says in verses 20-23, and consider what this says of the character of God, not just of Samuel.  What do you learn of your relationship with God from this?  How does He see you?
• How does verse 25 and verse 22 fit into the same context?

That should help us through the passage.  Be sure to bring your own questions and comments to the group.  See you Thursday!

Second Verse, Somewhat Like the First

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting August 8 to study 1 Samuel 11.  This is a short chapter, but still full of interesting stuff.  It continues the establishment account of the monarchy of Israel.  There's one more chapter of this then the narrative of the monarchy begins.  This narrative (from chapter 8 through 12) seems to be made up of two or more different accounts blended together.  It's not all that important to determine where they were blended, but if you keep that in mind, it helps to follow the storyline and account for oddities.

Read the chapter through a lot (hopefully you have been, it's very short).  Look for pieces that seem to be at odds with other parts we've already covered.  Jot down notes and questions.  Please ask these questions at the group, we really need your perspective to get a better view of our Master's character.

After a few passes through and your own notes/questions, review the chapter again with these questions:

• Read the article on the Ammonites.  Why do you think this leader wanted to embarrass Israel?
• What "role" does Nahash play in Ammon? Who is this guy?
• Why do you think Nahash would let the elders of the city send messengers throughout Israel?
• The Spirit of God causes Saul to be angry.  What do you think about that?
• What do you think is the significance of the threat of slaughtered oxen?  Why would that work?
• Think about the response of the people.  What sort of "fear" is this?  
• This is probably one of the largest armies fielded by Israel.  But why do you think they were numbered separately for Judah?
• Why do you think the men of Jabesh would tell Nahash what they did?  
• Why do the people want to kill the "naysayers" against Saul now?
• What sort of character do you see in Saul that he doesn't want to kill them?
• Now where do they establish the kingdom?  Is this where Saul waits seven days?
• What differences do you see between this establishment and the prior one at Mizpah?

Consider these along with your own notes and questions.  Between us, I'm sure some interesting qualities of God will emerge.  I look forward to seeing you all Thursday!

An Odd King and His Baggage

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting July 25 to study 1 Samuel 10.  This is an interesting chapter.  It has some elements in it that are remarkable, and some that reveal unexpected character.

Read the chapter through several times.  There are plenty of places that should generate questions.  Be sure to use a couple of translations if you have them.  Jot down questions about events that strike you as strange or unexpected.  Look up what you can about any of them.

After reading through and making a list of your questions, review the chapter again using the questions below:

• Samuel gives three signs to affirm his anointing of Saul, meetings along the road; how might each of them affirm Samuel's selection of Saul as king?
• What significance might there be to the places these meetings take place?
• Read the article at this link.  In paragraph 4, Saul is mentioned in his "prophetic" experience here.  But the comment is that he is "entirely estranged" from God.  Why would you agree or disagree with this assessment?
• What are the prophets from the "Hill of God" doing as they come down the "hill"?  What do you imagine it to look and sound like?
• Look at verse 6 in a few translations.  What does that mean for Saul?
• If you were told that you could do anything because God was with you, what would you do?
• The places don't match (Gilgal and Mizpah), why might that be?
• When does the change referred to in verse 6 happen to Saul?  What might be significant about the timing?
• Of the three signs, only 1 is described actually happening.  What might be the significance of this one being described?
• Saul ends up on the high place of worship once he's done prophesying.  His uncle asks him about what he's been doing or what has been happening to him.  Why might Saul's answers not completely answer his uncle's curiosity?
• What do you think about the people's reaction to Samuel's description of why they're there?  Why do you think no one thinks twice about selecting a king?
• Why do you think Saul is scarce now?  What might his reluctance reveal about him?
• What would you call the quick inquiry of God to find Saul's hiding place?
• Who writes the ordinances of the king, and where do they go?  Why might that not have been a good idea?
• Read verse 26 in as many translations as you can.  What is different about the description of the young men?  Why might that be so different?
• Think about verse 27, besides the worthless men, what else is revealed here that wasn't before?
• What does Saul's silence say about his character at this point?

These questions will hopefully get you thinking about the chapter a little differently.  There aren't wrong answers, the point is having an answer for yourself, not guessing mine.  Hopefully, this is where we can see God piecing together views of His character that we all need to better understand Him. 

A King Found Seeking Donkeys

This is the study page for the Thursday Night Bible Study Group meeting July 18 to study 1 Samuel 9.  This chapter is clearly part of a larger narrative, and ends rather abruptly.  It should still give us plenty to chew on for the coming week.

Read through the chapter several times.  You may find it helpful to read on ahead through the next two as well since they complete the establishment of Israel's first king.  As you go through chapter 9, be thinking of the themes that came up in the previous chapter; "being like the other nations", "a king to judge us", "someone to fight our battles", and so on.  Also look for things that seem odd elements to include in the narrative, ask why the editor/author included them.  Jot down your observations and questions and bring them to the study.

After reading through the chapter a few times, read through again using these questions:

• Why do you think the Tribe of Benjamin is significant here?
• Why do you think valor is an important element of Saul's family here?
• What might be the author/editor's point in the comment about Saul?
• Why would the author/editor include such details about Saul's quest?
• Where is Shalishah, Shaalim, and Zuph on a map? (see below - double-click to enlarge it)
• How about "Baal-Shalishah", "Shaalbim", and "Ziph", could these be the places?
• If Samuel lives in Ramah, why would the author/editor provide the details about him living in Zuph?
• What can you deduce from the goings on in Zuph that tell you what Samuel does on his "circuit"?
• Since Zuph isn't listed on his circuit, what are some possible explanations of his being there?
• Look at this article on the topic of seers and prophets.  What do you see as the major differences between the two? 
•  Samuel's comments to Saul indicate prior knowledge from God (and that is plainly stated), so why would Samuel proceed the way he does, why not just come out and  say it?
• What do you think is going on in Saul's mind throughout all this?  When do you think he finally "calms down" a bit and goes with the circumstances?  What does that tell you about him?
• He and Samuel spend a lot of time together that day.  Who do you think did most of the talking?
• The chapter ends right as something important is about to happen.  Why here?

That will do for now.  If you read ahead, you know something more about Saul, and while we'll cover that later, it does help inform you about his character here.  Be sure to jot down your own questions and observations and bring them to the study.

From Saul to Paul to "Point"

This is the study page for the Thursday night study on December 13.  The passage is as much of Acts 13 as we can get through.

Read the chapter through a few times.  It might be good to read on to 14 as well, but at least several times through 13 will be helpful.  As you read, look for incongruities, odd wording or sentence structures, things that aren't explained, or are explained but not as expected.  Write these things down and also questions you have as you read.

As you read through a final few times, consider the questions below:

• It says these were "prophets and teachers" but who does which?
• Who is first? Who is last?
• What does "Niger" mean?  (G3526)
• Who is "Herod the Tetrarch"?
• If Manaen was raised with this Herod, where was he raised?
• Why is it fitting that Barnabas would sail first to Cyprus?
• What does Bar-Jesus (G919) mean? How is that ironic?
• What does "Paulus" (G3972) mean?
• What does Elymas (G1681) mean? How is that a translation/interpretation of Bar Jesus?
• Saul, aka "Paul" (also G3972) has the same name as the Proconsul.  How might that be significant?
• What amazed Sergius Paulus, Proconsul of Cyprus?
• Now who is first? Who is last?
• What happened to "John"?
• Where is Pisidian Antioch? Why would this be a good place to start a church?  What about the people might have made it difficult?  What about them might have made it easier?
• Paul gives a short account of Israel's history, then notes John the Baptist.  Why mention him?
• Paul quotes a few Psalms and some prophets.  Look up the references.  How does he do with the meaning of those passages?
• As Paul and Barnabas leave, how do the people respond?
• Look up "God-Fearing" or "devout" (G4576) - what does that tell you about these "proselytes"?
• What happens the next Sabbath? What does that tell you/confirm to you about these people?
• Why are the Jews upset?  Why be jealous?
• What is Paul and Barnabas' response to the "blaspheming Jews"?
• So, which group seems to respond the most to the gospel?
• Yet, who do the religious leaders stir up against Paul and Barnabas? Again, the (G4576) word is used.
• Now where are they off to?

That should be enough for us.  Remember to use any maps you have access to, and any other references you find helpful.  This is just the start of a new aspect to the work of the Holy Spirit recorded in Acts.  We will see much more of this in the coming weeks.

Consider for next week, what do you think about switching to a study of Jesus' birth until New Years'?  That could be fun, and certainly timely.  Let me know what you think.